Zahra Sadeqi Arani; Esmaeil Mazroui Nasrabadi; Mahdiyeh Moslehi Vadeghani
Abstract
Despite the fact that money plays an important role in people lives, attitudes and behaviors, there are little empirical research to examine the factors influencing these attitudes and the beliefs of individuals about their money and their behavioral styles. The psychology of money is one of the neglected ...
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Despite the fact that money plays an important role in people lives, attitudes and behaviors, there are little empirical research to examine the factors influencing these attitudes and the beliefs of individuals about their money and their behavioral styles. The psychology of money is one of the neglected fields of the science of psychology and communication. On the other hand, with regards to the increased willingness of women to have a job in recent years, this study aims to explore the attitudes towards money in employed and unemployed women in Kashan city and examine the impact of demographic and personality traits on that. The results of this study show that women consider the money as a source of security, not power, and that the amount of money reflects their efforts for that. Also, tendency of employed women to retain money is more than that of unemployed women. In addition, women over 40 years are more likely than women in other groups for retention of money. Therefore, higher income groups significantly believe their income is reflecting their efforts. The results revealed significant but weak relationship between personality and money attitudes.
Tayyebeh Ferdowsi; Gholamreza Sarami; Alireza Rostami
Volume 8, Issue 4 , February 2011
Abstract
Traffic events account for about 1,200,000 deaths and more than 50
million injuries annually across the world. Research shows that male drivers make up the majority of those who sustain injuries in car accidents. The present research aims to compare psychological factors affecting driving-related crashes ...
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Traffic events account for about 1,200,000 deaths and more than 50
million injuries annually across the world. Research shows that male drivers make up the majority of those who sustain injuries in car accidents. The present research aims to compare psychological factors affecting driving-related crashes of male and female drivers. Accordingly, the sample data is collected from 208 crash-involved drivers (18 female drivers i.e. 8.7% and 185 male drivers i.e. 88.9%) and 201 non-crash-involved drivers (20 female drivers i.e. 10% and 180 male drivers i.e. 89.6%). The respondents consist of clients who have either come to an insurance company to receive their insurance payment (crash-involved drivers) or renew their car insurance (non-crash-involved drivers). The subjects are randomly selected for the following tests: accuracy, aggression, personality and reaction time. Accuracy Test is, however, used in 5 situations, 3 of which include normal situation, a double-job situation and a distraction situation. Personality Test has 4 subscales, including affective constancy, social responsibility, self-control and emotion seeking. Reaction Time Test covers three levels, including simple, selective and complex. Using independent T-test, the comparison results indicate that there is no significant difference between female crash-involved and non-crash-involved drivers, this is also true for male and female crash-involved drivers (with over 4 crashes) in terms of all the related psychological factors. In other words, there is no difference between female crash-involved and non-crash-involved drivers in such factors as accuracy, reaction time, aggression and personality. It may also be concluded that female crash-involved drivers don’t have any specific traits which distinguishes them from the non-crash-involved ones. However, the comparison between male and female non-crash-involved drivers (over a period of over 3 years) shows that there is a significant difference between the two groups regarding first and third condition of accuracy and the sub-scale of personality i.e. self-control. The comparison of other psychological factors among the two groups does not reveal any significant difference. The comparison of the means related to the 3 significant factors in male and female non-crash-involved drivers indicate that women score higher in the first and third situations. In other words, this group enjoys a greater accuracy (31.57 and 13.02 in women vs.25.35 and 22.93 in men). However, in terms of the self-control subscale of personality questionnaire the male non-crash-involved drivers have gained higher scores (3.056 in women vs. 3.957 in men). In other words, male non-crash-involved drivers show more self-control in driving than female drivers.
