economics
Atieh Honardoust; Saba Karim Abadi
Abstract
Dressing and preparing suitable clothing is one of the indicators and superiority of humans. Since women play an essential role in the various relationships of every society, in other words, all social, cultural, political and economic programs will achieve the desired result with their performance and ...
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Dressing and preparing suitable clothing is one of the indicators and superiority of humans. Since women play an essential role in the various relationships of every society, in other words, all social, cultural, political and economic programs will achieve the desired result with their performance and support; Therefore, choosing the type of their cover is of particular importance. Because hijab has a special place in the religion of Islam and Iran as an Islamic country, and in addition, it has significant economic and cultural effects on the social life of individuals. One of the ways to investigate the place of hijab in the society is to investigate the behavior of consumers. The utility function reflects the consumption behavior and preferences of consumers, and by using it, it becomes possible to analyze the individual's demand structure. In this regard, the analysis of the demand structure and household consumption pattern is very important for the goals of economic activists, so that the policy makers and planners use its results to predict the future situation and finally, by evaluating the past policies, it is the basis for detailed planning. It will be provided for them for favorable conditions in the future. On the other hand, producers and other market agents need to forecast demand in order to plan and design their production and sales, and demand elasticity is important for this reason.In this study, using data from the period 1990 to 2020, the model of an almost ideal demand system for four types of hijab goods - black veil, cotton cloak, mantle, scarf and shawl - in Iran using the panel data method as a single equation and A system is estimated. The results of this study show that according to the criterion of good fit, the system model has a higher explanatory power.Based on the single-equation estimation, the elasticity of cotton tent, black tent, coat, scarf and mask was equal to 6, 22.04, 18.25, and 25.62, respectively.The estimation of the system model in terms of the significance of the coefficients is the same as the single-equation model. According to the system model, the income elasticity of the cotton tent, black tent, coat, scarf and mask is equal to 6.33, 17.56, 18.44, and 19.32, respectively. The elasticity and sign of the coefficients of Manto are substitutes for the black veil and the cotton veil and have a complementary relationship with the other hijab products mentioned in this research. The black chador has a complementary relationship with the cotton chador and the shawl and scarf.Based on the obtained results, both the systematic estimate and the single-equation estimate have a positive income elasticity, which indicates that with the increase in people's income, they go for higher and higher-quality hijab goods, which causes an increase in the share of expenditure on goods. It becomes a veil. By comparing the elasticities in both estimations, it can be concluded that the share of expenditure on hijab, headscarves and masks is more sensitive to income changes.
Women's Studies
Mansoureh Zarean; Masoumeh Zarei; Atieh Honardoust
Abstract
This article is going to discover and explain the policies of 4th, 5th and 6th development plans on the empowering of the women headed family. Divorced women, widows, single and married women who their husbands are not able to work are meant by the women headed family. To empower this group of women, ...
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This article is going to discover and explain the policies of 4th, 5th and 6th development plans on the empowering of the women headed family. Divorced women, widows, single and married women who their husbands are not able to work are meant by the women headed family. To empower this group of women, it is essential to consider two factors: advancement and women’s agency. The main issue is to examine the two factors within development plans for empowering the women headed family. Findings of the research based on qualitative content analysis method show that development plans have not been effective in enhancing women's empowerment in the area of access to resources and presence in social networks and markets. It is only limited to financial support and in some context social support. This kind of policy would not lead to reduction of women poverty in the long run.
economics
Firozeh Asghari; Atieh Honardoust
Abstract
Gender equality, equity and women`s empowerment are the essential factors for integral human development and also key factors for all countries to achieve economic, political and social development. The main goal of this paper is a comparative study on women`s status in Malaysia and Iran as two developing ...
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Gender equality, equity and women`s empowerment are the essential factors for integral human development and also key factors for all countries to achieve economic, political and social development. The main goal of this paper is a comparative study on women`s status in Malaysia and Iran as two developing countries, which are similar from different aspects. The method used in this research is comparative. The result of this study shows that despite the efforts of both countries to improve the women`s status in many key areas such as education, health, employment, according the reports of United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and World Economic Forum, especially in Gender Inequality Index and Gender Gap Index, Malaysia is ranked higher than Iran. Why and how a country like Malaysia has a higher score than Iran, it is a question that at the end of this paper was answered.
economics
Zahra Nasrolahi; Ezatollah Lotfi; Atieh Honardoust
Abstract
The rate of suicide globally and in Iran is increasing. Suicide destroys human capital and poses huge obstacles for the improvement of women’s health and for the wider public health agenda. The main objectives of this paper is to review the available evidence on suicide in Iran as well as to explore ...
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The rate of suicide globally and in Iran is increasing. Suicide destroys human capital and poses huge obstacles for the improvement of women’s health and for the wider public health agenda. The main objectives of this paper is to review the available evidence on suicide in Iran as well as to explore the underlying causes and reasons for suicidal tendencies among Iranian women. The paper tests whether economic inequality, unemployment, urbanization and the rate of divorce is related to suicide mortality. Using an unbalanced panel of 30 cities for the period 2006-2009 allows us to control for the effect of unobserved factors that may have an impact on suicide rates. The results show that unemployment, inequality, urbanization and divorce rate is significantly associated with female suicide rates. Our results indicate that there is a statistically insignificant positive effect of unemployment, inequality, urbanization and divorce rate on the incidence of suicide. Finally, suicide rates were not sensitive to income levels, divorce rates. The paper suggest the need for further and deeper investigation on other effective indicators.
