Shokraneh Rahbari; Masoume Esmaeily; Abdolbaset Mahmoudpour
Abstract
Middle age is one of the periods of human development and during this period, women experience identity changes in the field of perception and relationship with themselves, others and the universe. Recognizing these changes is necessary for more and better understanding of middle-aged women. Hence the ...
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Middle age is one of the periods of human development and during this period, women experience identity changes in the field of perception and relationship with themselves, others and the universe. Recognizing these changes is necessary for more and better understanding of middle-aged women. Hence the present paper aimed at a qualitative study on the role of identity transition in relation to oneself, others and the environment of middle-aged women in Tehran. The present research method is qualitative and phenomenological. Thirteen participants were selected through purposeful sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and interviews were continued until data saturation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data from phenomenological interviews. Findings on the role of middle-aged women's identity transition in relation to oneself includes the main themes of intrapersonal relationship, attitude to retirement, perception of middle age and attitude to self-identity. Relationship with others includes the main theme of improving relationship methods and relationship with the environment with the main themes of change in the value system, aging and death, the review of the past, the attitude towards the future and the relationship with nature were classified. Given the role of Identity transition in relation to oneself, others and the environment, counselors can benefit from the findings of this study while counselling with middle-aged women. The findings indicate the impact of the identity transition of middle-aged women in improving their relationship with others during this period and their relationship changes towards themselves and the environment around them.
Women's Studies
abolfazl delavari; Elahe Sadeghi
Abstract
Although in general, politics in contemporary Iran have had patriarchal orientation, efforts and actions taken place regarding reforming women’s condition cannot be ignored. In this article, we have tried investigate the changes of orientations, factors and consequences of gender politics in Iran ...
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Although in general, politics in contemporary Iran have had patriarchal orientation, efforts and actions taken place regarding reforming women’s condition cannot be ignored. In this article, we have tried investigate the changes of orientations, factors and consequences of gender politics in Iran between the years of 1270 to 1320. According to theoretical approach of this article, transformation of gender policies has been differed from an era to the other; and influenced by three factors: 1-Ideas and movements regarding transformation of women’s condition; 2-Conservative forces resistance; 3-Government orientation and actions. And we have found that in a 15-year period before constitutional movement, the very primary sprouts of ideas and movements related to transformation of women’s condition have been started. But the major weakness of this movement which was the fierce resistance of conservatives on one hand and the authority’s reluctance on the other hand prevented a drastic change in women’s condition and transformation of gender related ideas. After the victory of constitutional movement until the 1299 coup, there were plenty of opportunities to make some changes in women themselves and also have the support of some authorities and new political organizations such as the Parliament and reform parties for transformation of women’s condition. It was in this era that the right of women’s education was granted. Moreover, new demands and ideas like legal equity and women’s right to political participation were brought up.in the 20 years after the coup in which the government itself was in charge of transformation of women’s situation, although there were noticeable changes in education, employment and on top of that presence of women in public arenas, imperious nature of these changes and their incompatibility with the dominant culture not only did prevent the development of ideas and reform movements regarding gender, but also was the starting point for development of orientations and the retrogressive forces in next era.
