Sociology
Fatemeh Ghanipour Khondabi; Mohammad Hossein Asadi Davoodabadi; Omid Ali Ahmadi; Ali Roshanaie
Abstract
As the foundation for making a living as well as a context to demonstrate human creativity and capabilities, job and employment have not been free from the effects of gender, age, and class throughout history. The boundaries of these social variables’ impacts are determined by the dominant discourse ...
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As the foundation for making a living as well as a context to demonstrate human creativity and capabilities, job and employment have not been free from the effects of gender, age, and class throughout history. The boundaries of these social variables’ impacts are determined by the dominant discourse in each period in the historical trend and in a certain social-cultural texture through exercising existent social powers.By choosing discourse theory and analysis based on Laclau and Murphy, the present research explores the history of women employment and its effects on individual and social lives of Iranian women and families. The present research is based on historical documents and data from different periods of Iran history: pre-modern, Qajar colonial economy, Pahlavi, and Islamic Revolution.The results show that in the discourse of Islamic Revolution - with “equality and non-similarity of rights for men and women” being its central signifier – a semantic system of signifiers, such as chastity and hijab, segregation by gender in professions and workplaces, and expectation for women to be at home, has been formed. Emphasis on a healthy and safe workplace along with simultaneous and tensionless playing of wife and mother’s role have made women employment in Iranian post-revolution period distinctive and better in comparison with Pahlavi Period and before.
Fatemeh Vazifehshenas; Mohamadmahdi Rahmati; Hoda Hallajzadeh
Abstract
The research attempts to describe the beauty of the female body as a discursive order, and to interpret the discourses present in this field as well as the hegemonic mechanisms of representing the female subject within discourse. In this regard, with a qualitative approach and in the framework of the ...
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The research attempts to describe the beauty of the female body as a discursive order, and to interpret the discourses present in this field as well as the hegemonic mechanisms of representing the female subject within discourse. In this regard, with a qualitative approach and in the framework of the discourse analysis method, this study discussed the analytical extension of the female body beauty discourses. Data were collected using semi-structure interview technique among 30 women who were selected through purposeful sampling. The findings of the research led to the interpretation of the body as a subject in three levels of exercise, medicine and diet discourses. The concepts of building and femininity of the body under the guise of sport discourse, standardization and beauty eroticism were formulated in the medical discourse and the concepts of discipline and body shame followed by diet discourse. The interpretation of these three discursive levels showed that patriarchy has the hegemonic aspect as the discourse in the highest level of discursive hegemony and directs the mentality of women in the direction of body management. This discourse with the conception of the ideal woman seeks to negate other forms of femininity and essentially builds the beauty of the feminine body in the form of a male hegemonic look into the feminine body.
Physical Education and Sports Science
Batool Arabnarmi
Abstract
This article examines women's discursive space of physical activity in order to answer an important question: Why most women have problems with regular physical activity and cannot permanently benefit from a long-term regular exercise program. The analysis was performed with concepts discussed in the ...
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This article examines women's discursive space of physical activity in order to answer an important question: Why most women have problems with regular physical activity and cannot permanently benefit from a long-term regular exercise program. The analysis was performed with concepts discussed in the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe (1995). There are two main discourses in women's physical activity, fear of fat as a big discourse and healthism as a small discourse. The result introduces a hypothesis: long-term goals and regular attendance in physical activity is related to goals created by healthism discourse and personal responsibility about health behaviors, also irregular attendance activity is related to priorities and goals created by fear of fat discourse. Identifying and categorizing topics show each of physical, mental and social targets achieve meaning from the fear of fat discourse because of its dominance and superiority. Future planning of physical activity for women should be established while taking into account the dominant discourses in these spaces.
