Sociology
Mohammad Eshaghi; Seyede Fateme Mohebi; Sharbanou Papynezhad; Zeinab Jahandar
Abstract
In recent decades, the fertility rate in Iran has gone through dramatic changes due to different reasons. One of these reasons is women’s increasing participation in the workforce and modern employment which has imposed changes to the childbearing behavior. On the other hand, working women face ...
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In recent decades, the fertility rate in Iran has gone through dramatic changes due to different reasons. One of these reasons is women’s increasing participation in the workforce and modern employment which has imposed changes to the childbearing behavior. On the other hand, working women face different challenges regarding childbearing. The present qualitative study investigates the childbearing challenges for working women using grounded theory approach and purposive sampling. The participants were 24 married women working in both governmental and nongovernmental organizations (age range: 24 to 36). The data was collected through deep semi-structured interviews. Some of the main questions in this study included the determining factors in childbearing challenges for working women, the working women’s approaches to face the challenges of childbearing and the consequences of this situation. The results show that working women face challenges both inside and outside their jobs in regard to childbearing, which force them to choose low fertility as their lifestyle. The participants viewed low fertility as an inseparable part of the modern social behavior and lifestyle.
Maryam Mokhtari; Halimeh enayat
Volume 9, Issue 3 , October 2012, , Pages 67-87
Abstract
The present study tries to find out the role and procedure of gender attitudes in genesis of women’s body image among women under cosmetic surgery in Shiraz. Research method in this investigation has been qualitative through grounded theory. Based on purposive sampling 24 women who had the experience ...
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The present study tries to find out the role and procedure of gender attitudes in genesis of women’s body image among women under cosmetic surgery in Shiraz. Research method in this investigation has been qualitative through grounded theory. Based on purposive sampling 24 women who had the experience of cosmetic surgery during the year 2008 in Shiraz were selected for an in depth interview. To achieve the grounded theory during coding analysis, 36 concepts, 9sub categories, 3 essential categories and 1 core category named: “Women’s own body image overshadowed by implicit, preponderant, appearance oriented views of men towards women in different ways” were extracted. The results show that women’s body image is formed through their gender attitude towards themselves, men towards women and women towards men. However the attitude of women toward themselves is inspired by the attitude of men toward looks and appearance of women.
Advancements in science of beauty surgeries has had the role of facilitator in paying more attention to the body and looks and has assisted men with their appearance based view towards women.
Ariyan Gholipour; Somayeh Labafi; Mahdiyeh Jalalpour
Abstract
Networking and entering into official and unofficial networks is the main way for individuals to get promoted in organizations. So entering into academic networks at universities has become a challenge for people who would like to promote their academic position. In Iran despite a notable increase in ...
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Networking and entering into official and unofficial networks is the main way for individuals to get promoted in organizations. So entering into academic networks at universities has become a challenge for people who would like to promote their academic position. In Iran despite a notable increase in the women’s presence in universities, their entrance into academic networks and promoting their position as an academic member has remained to be a problem. Applying a qualitative method and the Ground Theory, the present research tries to study the challenges ahead of women to enter male academic networks at universities. 18 professors have been selected through purposive sampling and snow ball method. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and Strauss & Corbin’s constant comparative method. The research findings suggest that the most important obstacles to women’s entry to male academic network of universities are legal, cultural and family problems among others.
