Somayeh Kazemian; Fahimeh Fadakar Davarani; Maryam Seifi
Abstract
The psychological empowerment of women is a process in which women are empowered cognitively and behaviorally to organize their personal, family and social life. This research was conducted to compare psychological empowerment indices in rural and urban women. The population of this study is consisted ...
Read More
The psychological empowerment of women is a process in which women are empowered cognitively and behaviorally to organize their personal, family and social life. This research was conducted to compare psychological empowerment indices in rural and urban women. The population of this study is consisted of women residing in Saral-e-Zahab and neighboring villages those who remained in their city and village after the earthquake in Kermanshah and adapted to the conditions of their area of residence. A cluster random sampling method was used to select samples. Of the total number of women living in Saral-e-Zahab city, five regions were selected. Hence, 154 women of the city and 154 women from the villages located in Zahab plain were selected as the sample and completed the psychological empowerment questionnaire. The researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure psychological empowerment indices in the crisis. This questionnaire was developed through qualitative data through thematic content. In this study, the total validity of the questionnaire in the sample group was 0.886. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data and results of Tukey's post hoc test were reported for a more detailed examination. The findings of this study showed that among in-person components, there was a variable cognitive circuit that indicated scores for rural women lower than those for urban women. Also, there is no significant difference in the interpersonal components of psychological empowerment between urban and rural women. In general, the independent variable, which is the same place of life, has a great influence on the cognitive circuit, but does not affect the interpersonal components.
Management
Maryam Nakhoda; Samane Rahimian; Mohammadreza Esmaieli Givi
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify and explain the factors affecting female’s psychological empowerment in the information and knowledge services. This paper is based on applied research and mixed method including descriptive and survey. First by using qualitative approach, for expanding ...
Read More
The purpose of this paper is to identify and explain the factors affecting female’s psychological empowerment in the information and knowledge services. This paper is based on applied research and mixed method including descriptive and survey. First by using qualitative approach, for expanding and explaining effective factors of pycholigical empowerment of women librarians and informationist, nine interviews with female managers were done. Results showed that eight factors were effeted on psychological empowerment. Professional knowledge, modeling and motivation were added to the conceptual model. Finally, assimilation of qualitive results and sprietzer’s model made conceptual model. In the quantitative approach, the population of study was 137 female employees of Tehran’s public libraries as an information and knowledge centers. The researchers designed the questionnaire including factors for data collection. Cronbach‘s alpha for this questionnaire was 90%. PLS software and structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that the most effective factor on the female’s psychological empowerment in the information and knowledge services were individual factors including motivation, modeling, knowledge/job skills and self-esteem. Then organizational factors including importance of the team trust among team, perceived team effectiveness, participative decision-making and finally group factors such as role resolution, span of control, access to information, participative climate, access to resources and organizational support were effective on female employees’ psychological empowerment in information and knowledge services.
