Abedijafari, A., & Amiri, M. (2019). Meta-synthesis as a method for synthesizing qualitative researches. Methodology of Social Sciences and Humanities, 25(99), 73-87. https://doi.org/10.30471/mssh.2019.1629 (In Persian)
Akrami, R., & Mohammadian, N. (2021). Alternative to Incarceration for Women in the Criminal Justice systems of Iran and Western Countries: With an Approach to Islamic Jurisprudence. Comparative Studies on Islamic and Western Law, 8(4), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.22091/csiw.2022.7494.2169 (In Persian)
Alhazmi, A. A., & Kaufmann, A. (2022). Phenomenological qualitative methods applied to the analysis of cross-cultural experience in novel educational social contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 785134.
Alshaibani, N. K. (2024). Implementing alternative sentencing in the criminal justice system: Implications for human rights. Denning Law Journal, 33, 381–390.
Amini, Z. (2023). The Lived Experiences of Individuals Sentenced to Alternative Sanctions During Their Punishment Period: A Qualitative Study in Yazd. Master’s Thesis, University of Yazd. (In Persian)
Badakhshan, E. (2017). A Study of Support Mechanisms for Women Sentenced to Imprisonment. Master’s Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch. (In Persian)
Badrimanesh, A. (2019). Sociological Explanation of Tazir Punishment Based on Gender. Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) in Women's studies-Women's Rights in Islam Department of Women's Studies Humanities Faculty Tarbiat Modares University. (In Persian)
Badrimanesh, A., Moeedfar, S., Habibzadeh, M. J., & Shakeri, G. T. (2020). Structural Analysis of Gender Justice in Punishment of Ta'zir Crime. Criminal Law Research, 10(2), 7-28. https://doi.org/10.22124/jol.2019.10554.1532 (In Persian)
Bag, P. K. (2018). A critical understanding of Durkheim’s approach to law. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 8(5), 308-315.
Bahemat, H. (2020). An Examination of Alternative Sentences to Imprisonment for Women, with Emphasis on Judicial Practice. Master’s Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch. (In Persian)
Carlen, P., & Worrall, A. (2013). Analysing women’s imprisonment. Willan.
Chesney-Lind, M., & Morash, M. (2019). Feminist theories of crime. Routledge.
Cooper, H., Hedges, L. V., & Valentine, J. C. (Eds.). (2019). The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis. Russell Sage Foundation.
Covington, S. S., & Bloom, B. E. (2003). Gendered justice: Women in the criminal justice system. In Gendered justice: Addressing female offenders (pp. 3–23).
Craig, L. A., & Dixon, L. (2022). The Wiley handbook on what works with girls and women in conflict with the law: A critical review of theory, practice, and policy.
Evans, J. S. (1998). Sentencing alternatives for women: Options for a woman-centered justice model’s sentencing component [Master’s thesis, University of Ottawa].
Fallahian, P., & Kafaeifar, M.A. (2023). Analysis and pathology of women's rights in Iran's criminal justice system. Journal of Law and Political Studies, 3(1), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.48309/jlps.2023.1.3 (In Persian)
Garland, D. (1991). Sociological perspectives on punishment. Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 14, 115-165. https://doi.org/10.1086/449185
Garland, D. (2004). Adaptive Responses of Penal Modernism. In Collected Essays in Honor of Dr. Mohammad Ashouri, translated by Mohammad Farjiha, Vol. 1. Tehran: SAMT. (In Persian)
Gartner, R., & Kruttschnitt, C. (2017). Women and imprisonment. Punishment and Social Control: Essays in Honor of Sheldon L. Messinger, 367.
Gelsthorpe, L. (2022). Women, Crime, and Justice in England and Wales. The Wiley Handbook on What Works with Girls and Women in Conflict with the Law: A Critical Review of Theory, Practice, and Policy, 244-255.
Ghalkhanbaz, A., Khazaei, S., Afshari, M., Soheylizad, M., & Farazi, R. (2013). Factors Associated With the Repeated Imprisonments Among Prisoners of Tuyserkan in 2012. Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine, 19(4), 185-192. http://sjfm.ir/article-1-514-fa.html (In Persian)
Habibi, A., Farahbakhsh, M., & Matin-Rasekh, M. (2019). Challenges and solutions of a gender-oriented approach in alternative punishments to imprisonment in the Iranian criminal justice system. Iranian Political Sociology Monthly, 2(3), 388–406. https://doi.org/10.30510/psi.2022.343976.3502 (In Persian)
Harding, N. A. (2021). Navigating gendered criminalisation: Women’s experiences of punishment in the community [Doctoral dissertation, Manchester Metropolitan University].
Heidensohn, F., & Silvestri, M. (2012). gender and crime. The Oxford Handbook of Criminology, 336.
Hosseini, S. M., Haghighatian, M., & Jahanbakhsh, E. (2019). The Relationship between Multiplicity of Social Life Worlds and Reflexivity in Women and Girls’ Cultural Identity (Case Study: women and girls between 19–49 in Karaj). Quarterly Journal of Woman and Society, 10(38), 195-216. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.20088566.1398.10.38.9.0 (In Persian)
Hulsman, L. (1986). Critical criminology and the concept of crime. Contemporary Crises, 10(1), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00728405
Iman, M.T. (2011). Paradigmatic Foundations of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods in the Humanities (2nd ed.). Qom: Research Institute for Hawzah and University Press. (In Persian)
Jones, J. (2007). Persons with intellectual disabilities in the criminal justice system: Review of issues. International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 51(6), 723-733.
Keramati, T. (2011). Women and Prison: Its Dos and Don’ts. Master’s Thesis, Payame Noor University, Tehran. (In Persian)
King, N., Brooks, J., & Horrocks, C. (2018). Interviews in qualitative research. SAGE Publications.
Komeizi, A. (2020). A Comparative Study of Alternatives to Imprisonment for Women in the Legal Systems of Iran, Japan, and the United States. Master’s Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Shahroud Branch. (In Persian)
Larijani, M. (2020). Perception of the experience of imprisonment among delinquent women. Journal of Social Problems of Iran, 11(2), 75-109. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijsp.2021.82674 (In Persian)
Mahdavi, H., Amiri, N., & Gholipoor, S. (2023). Phenomenological study of feminine lifeworld in Kermanshah. Sociology of Culture and Art, 5(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.22034/scart.2023.62565 (In Persian)
Mahdavipour, A., Asghareian, M., & Naghibi, S. M. (2019). The Rights of Defendant Women in the Iranian legal System. Women's Strategic Studies, 21(84), 115-132.
Mahdavipour, A., Shahrani-Karani, N. & Darabi-Panah, Sh. (2018). alternatives for imprisonment in view of prisoners. Journal of Criminal Law Research, 6(23), 281-317. https://doi.org/10.22054/jclr.2018.12112.1214 (In Persian)
Masson, I., & Österman, L. (2017). Working with female offenders in restorative justice frameworks: Effective and ethical practice. Probation Journal, 64(4), 354-371. https://doi.org/10.1177/0264550517728784
Mehra, N. (2005). Woman and Criminal Law. Tehran: Salsabil Publications. (In Persian)
Mehra, N., & Niazpour, A. H. (2022). Dynamic Criminal Law. Tehran: Mizan. (In Persian)
Mehrabi-Rad, L., Salarzai, A., & Tolaei, A. (2025). The legislator’s approach, challenges, and solutions for using alternative punishment to imprisonment for female heads of household. Comparative Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics Research, 7(1), 174–188. (In Persian)
Milne, E., Brennan, K., South, N., & Turton, J. (2018). Women and the criminal justice system: Failing victims and offenders? Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76774-1
Moghadam, P. (2018). The Role of Gender in Sentencing from the Perspective of the Iranian Criminal Justice System. Master’s Thesis, Tabarestan Non-Governmental, Non-Profit University. (In Persian)
Mohajeri, M. (2020). Government and family: Foundations, scope, and mechanisms of legislation in Iran’s legal system. Tehran: Imam Sadegh University Press. (In Persian)
Molavian, A.A. (2022). Protection of Women in Criminal Proceedings. Master’s Thesis, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University. (In Persian)
Morash, M. (2017). Feminist theories of crime. Routledge.
Murray, J., & Farrington, D. P. (2008). The effects of parental imprisonment on children. Crime and Justice, 37(1), 133-206.
Najafi Abrandabadi, H.A. (2019). Encyclopedia of Criminal Sciences (Vol. 4). Tehran: Mizan. (In Persian)
Najm-Sohayli, F. (2021). Alternative punishment to imprisonment in Iran’s criminal justice system. Journal of Judicial Legal Research, 2(1), 479–497. (In Persian)
Neubauer, B. E., Witkop, C. T., & Varpio, L. (2019). How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others. Perspectives on Medical Education, 8(2), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-019-0509-2
Nieuwbeerta, P., Nagin, D. S., & Blokland, A. A. J. (2009). Assessing the impact of first-time imprisonment on offenders’ subsequent criminal career development: A matched samples comparison. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 25(3), 227-257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-009-9069-7
O’Neill, M. (2025). Women and the criminal justice system: Gender matters. Irish Probation Journal, 22, 29-49.
Rahimi, Z., & Shakeri, A. (2019). accompanied punishment; nature and manner in judicial proceedings. Criminal law and Criminology Studies, 49(2), 419-448. https://doi.org/10.22059/jqclcs.2020.283356.1440 (In Persian)
Rahiminejad, E. (2019). The Relationship Between Restorative Justice and Criminological Theories. In Encyclopedia of Criminal Sciences (Collection of New Essays in Criminal Sciences), Book Four (pp. 130–143), edited by Ali-Hossein Najafi Abrandabadi (1st ed.). Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian)
Rezaei, S. (2017). A Gender-Oriented Approach to Alternative Sanctions to Imprisonment in the Iranian Legal System. Master’s Thesis in Criminal Law and Criminology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Richards, J. (2012). The sceptical feminist (RLE feminist theory): A philosophical enquiry. Routledge.
Robinson, G., & McNeill, F. (2015). Studying the evolution of community punishment in comparative context (pp. 1-13). In Community punishment: European perspectives. Springer.
Sadat Asadi, L. (2016). Family Criminal Law. Mizan Publications, second edition (In Persian).
Safaei, S. H., & Emami, A. (2019). Family law summary. Tehran: Mizan. (In Persian)
Saffari, A. (2015). Penology: Developments, Foundations, and the Enforcement of Custodial Punishment. Tehran: Jangal Publications. (In Persian)
Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer.
Seal, L. (2022). Gender, crime and justice (pp. 93-123). Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.
Shariati, Elham; Bahrami, Leila; Safdarzadeh, & Seyedeh Faezeh (2023), An Analysis of Article 10 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Application of its Standards to the Laws Governing the Family. Public Law Studies Quarterly, 53 (1), 535-555. https://doi.com/10.22059/jplsq.2021.309409.2547 (In Persian)
Thornton, J. (2022). Non-custodial sentences in the Northern Areas: Female offenders’ experience. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 31, 798–809.
Tonry, M. (2017). Community punishments in a rational society. In E. Luna (Ed.), Scholarship and criminal justice reform. Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 17-05.
Vaziri, M., & Hosseini, H. (2019). The necessity of prison reduction for female offenders who are heads of household in Iranian jurisprudence and law. Scientific Quarterly of Economic Jurisprudence Studies, 1(1), 29–51. (In Persian)
Zedner, L. (2002). Dangers of dystopias in penal theory. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 22, 341.
Zehr, H. (2015). Changing lenses: Restorative justice for our times. MennoMedia, Inc.
Zokaei, M. S., & Naserian, S. (2025). The lived experience and perception of female prisoners with a history of being in prison. The Women and Families Cultural-Educational, 20(72), 145-178. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.26454955.1404.20.72.7.5 (In Persian)
