Document Type : Research Paper
Author
PhD Student, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract
The aim of the current research is to understand the phenomenological life of border girls facing the graduation situation. The current research uses the experiences of girls as a basis for the analysis of the situation of graduates in border regions in order to analyze the multiple determinants of their marginal, gender, and educational status. The university-educated girls of the border regions of Kurdistan province are among these border residents who have taken the path of obtaining higher education in order to improve their status, to overcome the underdevelopment and isolated conditions of these regions. Due to their inferior status, which can be traced in several ways - due to gender discrimination, due to being border residents, due to being an ethnic and religious minority, they have considered this as a wish and the only way out of the multiple intersection of inequality. The current research has discussed this matter with the graduating border girls, whether higher education has led to the improvement of their status? In order to realize this, the lived experience of female graduates of public universities has been studied in four dimensions: lived body, lived time, lived space, and lived human relationships after graduation. This has been an attempt to restore the voice and position of girls as subordinates in the status of graduation in a borderline, gender and educational situation. For this, Max Van Manen's hermeneutic and methodological approach has been used to interpret and analyze the experiences of 30 female graduates in various fields of public universities in rural and urban border areas of Marivan, Sarovabad and Baneh. In this research, considering that the narrative of university graduates is considered, the lived experiences of the border girls are the criteria for adopting a hermeneutic approach to the research problem. Therefore, this research puts hermeneutics as a theoretical basis by avoiding mega-narratives on the one hand and by rejecting pre-existing assumptions. In this research, hermeneutic phenomenology (interpretation) with emphasis on Max Van Manen's perspective and technique has been used to acquire the lived experiences of female graduates. According to van Manen harmonic phenomenology provides a systematic approach to study and interpret a phenomenon and allows the phenomenon to be analyzed and discovered with an interpretative point of view so that the researcher can gain a deeper understanding during the interpretation process. gain from lived experiences. The results showed that the interviewees' understanding of their body is indicative of a worn-out body that is being analyzed, which is caused by the entry into higher education and the borderline situation. Girls experience time in the form of stress and social suffering, and the border space for them after graduation is perceived as an unsafe and unstable space, which shows the experience of the exceptional situation of their position in the border. Themes that indicate the idea of understanding time as understanding the suffering of exclusion and marginalization from development and politics. The subject-border situation has created an environment for female graduates that is insecure and unstable. A space that is born from the frontier position, the position of femininity, the position of graduation. This space has influenced and shaped both the body and time. The chain of dimensions was completed with the description and analysis of human relations lived in the border situation. In such a way that they put human relationships after graduation in a borderline position with contradictory relationships. Relationships that were formed by disconnecting from the previous position and entering the university, and then returned to the borderline position due to rejection in the work and job process, lack of re-creation of a better position and position. They also interpret human relationships in the form of contradictory relationships, which indicate a break from the relationships before and after the graduates, relationships that are unstable and experienced as interruptions. Therefore, although they have not been able to change their position by graduating, but they have found a deep understanding of it, which indicates questioning the role of higher education in the change of women in border areas. The discussion of marginalized subjects due to being in a borderline position and being a woman has been the theoretical, experimental and methodological position of this research. The discussion of the life world of female graduates living in the border areas of Kurdistan province, who are in a multiple intersection of subjugation, brings us to the multidimensionality and multifacetedness of their views, critiques and situational pluralism. Discovering the multi-layered nature of their subordinate position - the layer of location (bordering), time position (graduate in the current state of the higher education system), ethnic position (being Kurdish), religious position (being Sunni), and more importantly, gender position (female) Being a girl) is one of the results of this research.
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