Sociology
ali feizolahi
Abstract
Introduction: Domestic violence is observed in all societies, in all social groups and classes, and numerous reports have confirmed that it is a problem in Iran. Some sociologists have tried to explain such a situation from the perspective of gender socialization, and some have considered it as ...
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Introduction: Domestic violence is observed in all societies, in all social groups and classes, and numerous reports have confirmed that it is a problem in Iran. Some sociologists have tried to explain such a situation from the perspective of gender socialization, and some have considered it as a product of the patriarchal system and oppression against women. Some people consider problematizing of this problem to be more due to the perception and understanding of the society and important social groups. Therefore, knowing the quality and quantity of the problem, requires conducting research from the perspective of the people involved in that problematized situation.However, the necessity of conducting this research consists of the following: First, the social researches of the last few decades in Iran regarding the phenomenon of domestic violence have mainly been conducted with quantitative approaches, and this research has been conducted with a qualitative approach based on the grounded theory method, which is an appropriate method. Second, presenting a local analysis of the phenomenon of domestic violence from the perspective of the women themselves who have experienced violence. Meanwhile, the purpose of this research is to know how women understand the conditions, contexts, and consequences of domestic violence in their lives.Method: The research is qualitative and based on the method of grounded theory. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling method with the criterion of theoretical saturation among violent married women who referred to positive life centers of the Behzisti Organization in Ilam. The Acceptance criteria were used for accreditation and reliability was achieved through auditing method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 of the battered married women and coding were performed using Nvivo12 software.Findings: In the data analysis and in the process of open coding, 288 meaningful statements and 160 primary concepts were obtained, by combining the concepts, 48 subcategories and 21 main categories were extracted, and by using the categories derived from the research, and by discovering lied meanings. In the interviews, the results have been analyzed and presented based on the paradigm model.Findings indicate the role of family factors such as stressful interaction, status imbalance; Social factors such as carnival-like encounters with marriage; Cultural factors such as patriarchal perceptions. Women's reactions have been largely passive, and the consequences have been the normalization of the role of passive victim for women.Discussion: Comparing the research findings with the theories of thinkers containing similarities and convergences, including in areas such as: "violence as a learned thing" and "learned helplessness of women causing women's passive reactions" (social learning theory), "violence against women is a product of long traditions The domain of male domination and patriarchy" (feminist perspective), "violence as a consequence of ignoring and justifying violence against women" (theory of condescending attitudes) and also the theory of the integrated ecological model are in theoretical comparison. In the selective coding of this research, it has led to the selection of two core research categories, which means that in the first degree.Domestic violence against women is the product of women's experienced helplessness, which, in conjunction with the second core category, which is patriarchal ideas, and the combination and convergence of these two, leads to the establishment, stabilization, reproduction and continuation of a subculture of domestic violence against women, and passive reactions. Against this, women help the normalization process of this particular kind of abnormality.In other words, this special type of "learned helplessness" as well as normalizing the role of "passive victim" for women, is pregnant with the mechanisms that foster semantic justifications and prepare cultural bases for the acceptance of domestic violence against women, and it deepens ideological justifications charged with the components of patriarchal culture. It helps in the studied society.The final result of this process can be analyzed under the core category of the research entitled "Domestic violence against women is a product of the combination of women's experienced helplessness and patriarchal ideas", which is the result of family management in the context of preserving the functions of patriarchal tradition along with the structural transmission of violence in It is a cultural mechanism based on gender socialization. In other words, domestic violence is the result of family management in the context of preserving the functions of the patriarchal tradition, along with the structural transmission of violence in the cultural mechanism and based on gender socialization, which fosters forms of subculture of violence that have extensive negative consequences for women, their children and society.
karimi Karimi; Somayeh Arab Khorasani; faeze tabatabai; mohammadreza Nasiri
Abstract
purpose of the present study identifying and comparing the thematic trend of concepts of violence in research on gender, women, family between developed countries and Iran in three time periods based co-word, network analysis, and science visualization tools. Methods: Bibliometrics methodology and social ...
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purpose of the present study identifying and comparing the thematic trend of concepts of violence in research on gender, women, family between developed countries and Iran in three time periods based co-word, network analysis, and science visualization tools. Methods: Bibliometrics methodology and social network analysis are used. Population comprises 3246 records in developed countries from Web of Knowledge and 1295 records from Women and Family Research . The results indicated that the core words before 2001 included 4 keywords, 2011 -2010, 14 keywords and 2011-2020, 22 keywords. The keywords of the 2001-2010 (second period) were 42% different than before 2001 and The keywords of the 2011-2020 (third period) compared to the 2001-2010s (second period) have changed by 62%. The overall result of the three decades confirms that research in the field of violence in the studies gender, women and the family with general topics started before 2001 and in the 2001-2010s and 2011-2020s have been analyzed in a more specialized way. In developed countries, the most important clusters before the before 2001 were violence against women, in the 2001-2010s, ethnic clusters, and in the 2010-2020, domestic violence, and in Iran, before the 2001s, the most important clusters were domestic violence against women, 2001-2010 gender inequalities,2010-2020 and domestic violence and sexual violence. In Iran and developed countries, clusters of domestic violence and domestic violence against women are located in the adult and central regions.
Maryam Ghazinezhad; Marya Abasian
Volume 9, Issue 2 , September 2011, , Pages 77-110
Abstract
Spousal homicide is a personal, domestic and social problem which has mortal and morbid effects on public safety. Domestic homicide, especially spousal homicide, is typically unlike stranger murder, not a crime of sudden, unanticipated violence. Rather, these murders hide the tragic story of escalated ...
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Spousal homicide is a personal, domestic and social problem which has mortal and morbid effects on public safety. Domestic homicide, especially spousal homicide, is typically unlike stranger murder, not a crime of sudden, unanticipated violence. Rather, these murders hide the tragic story of escalated domestic violence, strain and personal and social harmful consequences in them that require serious study.
So the aim of this research is to identify social-cultural factors leading to spousal homicide which has been increased considerably in last years and involve many men and women as a "murder" or "victim". By applying qualitative method of research, we try to achieve this aim. For this reason, through random sampling, we select 34 files of spousal homicide incidents that occurred in Tehran between 1380 and 1387. Half of these files belong to spousal homicide of men and the rest half belong to spousal homicide of women. By applying content analysis technique, we have analyzed and examined all of these files.
The result of this research show that the presence of social-psychological strain on men and women in the family, in the absence of social and personal support system and association with delinquent peers and blockage of legal coping ways, lead couples to commit spousal homicide. Results also show different patterns of killing and factors between men and women.
Moreover demographic variables such as social-economical status of couples and their families, couple's age and age disparity, age and the number of children also affecting spousal homicide.
Volume 7, Issue 1 , May 2009
Abstract
Fable literature is one of the bases in which sexual stereotypes are reproduced. Like all other scientific fields, it continuously delineates a repetitive image of women. Therefore, this article aims to study how literary texts reflect sexual discrimination in a specific culture and how they deal with ...
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Fable literature is one of the bases in which sexual stereotypes are reproduced. Like all other scientific fields, it continuously delineates a repetitive image of women. Therefore, this article aims to study how literary texts reflect sexual discrimination in a specific culture and how they deal with reproduction of sexual division; specially how these injustices are drawn in Mr. Dolatabadi's selected works.The Results of the research shows that in Hejrate solyman, Bashobeyro,Jaye khaliye soloch, kalidar story books, harshness plays the main role and appears with various origins and in different forms (clear and hidden) and thus overcomes and defeats women. The method used in this research is content analysis.
Volume 2, Issue 2 , June 2003
Abstract
This study is focused on domestic violence and in particular spousal murder, which takes into consideration different cultural-social, economic-political characteristics of the provinces of the country. This article presents the finding of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The phenomenon of violence, ...
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This study is focused on domestic violence and in particular spousal murder, which takes into consideration different cultural-social, economic-political characteristics of the provinces of the country. This article presents the finding of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The phenomenon of violence, social and domestic, in Sistan and Baluchestan, given its unique geographic situation, tribal way of life, traditional culture and the entreme poverty, has a high occurrence. At the same time, spousal murder is lower as compared to the high incidence of violence in other provinces of Iran. Violence against women is a deep rooted social problem, directly related to the patriarchal system, which dominates social and familial life. The result of the research reinforces the relation between violence and the education level of husbands, the history of domestic violence, and addiction. The women of this province, despite their dissatisfaction with married life, continue to remain in abusive relationships with their husbands. Economic dependence, the fear of losing their children and traditional cultural and social norms. Additionally, many of these abused women, because of fear of reprisal, endemic of patriarchal systems, refuse to press charges with police forces and courts.
Volume 1, Issue 5 , April 2003
Abstract
The impacts of wife abuse in societies and their negative influences of mothers and children have been presented in many researches. One of the general characteristics of wife abuse is its hidden nature; in such a way that most Iranian women tolerate their being abused. Thus, there is no notable research ...
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The impacts of wife abuse in societies and their negative influences of mothers and children have been presented in many researches. One of the general characteristics of wife abuse is its hidden nature; in such a way that most Iranian women tolerate their being abused. Thus, there is no notable research in the country on this issue. In order to review the prevalence of wife abuse and it’s affecting factors among the married couples of the city of Tehran, Moffitt et al (1996) Questionnaire has been applied. Findings of their research reports 81.71 percent of prevalence of wife abuse. The report identifies that there is a significant relationship between the variables of age, education, occupation and family level of income of wives abused. Also, with the length of marriage, the rate of wife abuse did not decline. That is, social tolerance not only has helped continuation of domestic violence, rather it enhances it
Volume 1, Issue 4 , September 2002
Abstract
Violence against women especially partner violence involves 1/3 of women worldwide. This research is performed with an analytic cross sectional design and its’ purpose is to determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence among married women in medical science catchments area ( Tehran University) ...
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Violence against women especially partner violence involves 1/3 of women worldwide. This research is performed with an analytic cross sectional design and its’ purpose is to determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence among married women in medical science catchments area ( Tehran University) during the year of 2001. 348 married women were selected from 6 Health Centers by multi-stage sampling. They were assisted by health care workers for filling the questionnaires.
Prevalence rate of the violence against wife was 41.7% in this study which is comparable with western countries especially United States. The most frequent reports of violence included: negligence 61%, contempt 37% and lewdness 30%.
For controlling the confounders logistic regression analysis was done and after excluding of confounders four factors were significantly associated with wife abuse: (1) history of mothers striking by father, (2) history of mothers contempt by father,(3) criminal history of husbands and history of psychological disorder in women.
Volume 1, Issue 4 , September 2002
Abstract
The objective of present article is to discuss women’s image as presented in computer games and their ascribed roles by meta-analysis of research findings. Play and games are mechanism for learning society’s norms and values in the process of socialization. Electronic games are the innovation of ...
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The objective of present article is to discuss women’s image as presented in computer games and their ascribed roles by meta-analysis of research findings. Play and games are mechanism for learning society’s norms and values in the process of socialization. Electronic games are the innovation of 70’s and reached its highest diffusion rate in the Mid. 80s. From sociological perspective these games affects children’s perception of gender. Based on researches of different games, one can conclude that women are mostly presented in passive roles and sometimes in its extreme as victims. However men usually have active roles and are the heroes. The content of the games are developed to be more attractive for boys and girls’ interests are ignored. As the result computer games are mostly male orientated and provide a negative image of women for children.
