Zahra Azizi; Zahra Mir Hosseini; Fatemeh Homayouni
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social capital and economic factors on women's happiness. The statistical population of this research includes 18-65 years old women in Tehran. As sample of this study, 384 people were selected based on Cochran formula through multistage cluster ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social capital and economic factors on women's happiness. The statistical population of this research includes 18-65 years old women in Tehran. As sample of this study, 384 people were selected based on Cochran formula through multistage cluster sampling method from 22 regions of Tehran. The data gathering tool was a modified standard Oxford Happiness Inverntory (OHI) test. Estimating the effect of variables on women's happiness has been conducted by Eviews software to estimate the cross-sectional regression by the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator. The results of regression analysis show that among economic variables, household income has a positive effect on women's happiness and is reliable at 90% confidence level. Research findings also show that social coherence, social participation, social trust as the variables studied in relation to social capital, has a meaningful positive relationship with the happiness. Hence, it can be concluded that with the rise of social capital in women, their happiness increases accordingly. In addition, studying the effect of education shows that this variable has a significant and inverse relationship with women's happiness. So, with the increase in the education level of the women, their happiness levels are reduced.
Hooshang Nayebi; Meimanat Golshani
Abstract
This research is related to power conception and aims to investigate factors affectingwomen`s decision-making power in families. To do this, the Resources theory has been reliedon in this research. Based on the Resources theory, occupation, education, income, job statusand property are the factors related ...
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This research is related to power conception and aims to investigate factors affectingwomen`s decision-making power in families. To do this, the Resources theory has been reliedon in this research. Based on the Resources theory, occupation, education, income, job statusand property are the factors related to women`s decision-making power in families. In thisinvestigation, data was collected through the survey method and questionnairemethod.Thesamples were 350 jobless and employed married women in Babolwhich was taken by themulti-stage cluster sampling. The results showedthat women`s power is generally high infamilies and some variables such as job, educationand assetare the factors increasingwomen`s power. However, there is no relationship between income and job status andwomen`s power in families.
Amir Mozaffar Amini; Mohammad ali Shapurabadi
Volume 7, Issue 4 , January 2010
Volume 1, Issue 6 , June 2003
Abstract
Women’s economic behavior, particularly due to their ever increasing contribution to the economic and social activities, needs to be further studied. This article, examines women’s participation in the financial markets. A field study gathered data from the city of Tehran, to review main factors ...
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Women’s economic behavior, particularly due to their ever increasing contribution to the economic and social activities, needs to be further studied. This article, examines women’s participation in the financial markets. A field study gathered data from the city of Tehran, to review main factors of women demanding loan and credit in the financial market (with an emphasis on the banking system). In this model, economic factors such as average income, interest rate, length of return, size of household, age, employment, education, marital status, saving and investment behavior were included in the. The research findings indicate that the most important economic factors that influence women to demand loans are the average income of women and their household as well as the length of return. That is to say, with the increase of income or the length of return, women’s demand for credit will increase.
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2003
Abstract
New poverty paradigm considers the reasons for deprivation of
female headed households: gender and lack of access to resources. This paradigm conveys the urgency and need for raising the question of "whether female headed households are the poorest of the poor?" The goal of this paper is to examine ...
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New poverty paradigm considers the reasons for deprivation of
female headed households: gender and lack of access to resources. This paradigm conveys the urgency and need for raising the question of "whether female headed households are the poorest of the poor?" The goal of this paper is to examine whether this generalization holds true in the case of Iran. Available national macro statistics on an absolute poverty and relative poverty in the period of 1370-1380 (1991-2001) have been analyzed and examined for the purpose of this research. The main findings indicate that women are at increased risk of poverty and that the poverty rate of female headed households is higher than the poverty rate of male headed households, but the gap between the two groups has diminished. While the poverty rate of female headed households in urban areas has decreased, uneducated and low literate female headed households remain at high risk of poverty. Also, the study indicates that as the number of income earners in these families increase, the likelihood of poverty in the poorest segments of this population decreases. Female headed households of Iran, because oflow education levels, small families and fewer numbers of income earners within the family can be classified as the poorest groups living in poverty.
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2003
Abstract
Women's social and economic participation is considered to be an important development indicator. In developing countries, however, social and cultural factors have limited the opportunity for women's participation in social and economic structures. This paper examines the factors which promote the rate ...
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Women's social and economic participation is considered to be an important development indicator. In developing countries, however, social and cultural factors have limited the opportunity for women's participation in social and economic structures. This paper examines the factors which promote the rate of participation by women in the labor market within the provinces of Iran. The methodology applied is a regression model utilizing panel data. The results indicate; factors influencing the women's participation in the labor market include level of education, the incentive to gain income, and the rate of male unemployment. Negative factors include rural-urban migration (the rate of urbanization), rate of women's unemployment, and the birthrate. The trend of women's participation in the labor market of Iran is V-shaped in which has experienced an upward turn in recent years.