Welfare and Planning
Mehrnaz Molavi; Vahid Feizkhah
Abstract
Justice is an inclusive and universal concept that has consistently been considered as a fundamental element of development. This concept may be interpreted differently from the standpoint of a variety of scientific and research fields. One of the most widely recognized theories regarding the concept ...
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Justice is an inclusive and universal concept that has consistently been considered as a fundamental element of development. This concept may be interpreted differently from the standpoint of a variety of scientific and research fields. One of the most widely recognized theories regarding the concept of justice in urban planning and design is Henri Lefebvre's theory of the right to the city, which is predicated on the concept of justice. On the other hand, a concept called "gender inclusive city" is an approach that has attracted the attention of many urban planning and design researchers in recent years due to the attention given to women's rights in accessing privileges and benefits in cities and the emergence of a phenomenon called the "gendered space." This research endeavors to identify the primary elements of a gender-inclusive city in Rasht by examining the theory of the right to the city and employing the qualitative method of open coding and thematic analysis. In this regard, the current research has identified ten central themes in the coding stage. By categorizing them, it can be concluded that the four main components of establishing a gender-inclusive space in the city of Rasht are security, social and environmental features of the space, and the culture of gender equality.
Welfare and Planning
Mana Vahid Bafandeh; Melika Vahid Bafandeh; Javad Imani Shamloo
Abstract
Analyzing the relationship between gender and space elucidates the roles and needs of both men and women, particularly in urban spaces. This analysis aids in understanding how the constructive roles of women contribute to the production and reproduction of desirable social relations in urban spaces. ...
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Analyzing the relationship between gender and space elucidates the roles and needs of both men and women, particularly in urban spaces. This analysis aids in understanding how the constructive roles of women contribute to the production and reproduction of desirable social relations in urban spaces. The presence of women in public and urban spaces not only reflects but also narrates the desirable relationships within a society. The primary objective of this research is to identify the dimensions and components that influence the formation of desirable urban spaces for women using the meta-analysis method. The searches were conducted manually, focusing on the keywords "urban spaces, women." For sub-keywords, the terms "park, public space, single-gender spaces" replaced the first keyword. The study period spans from 2016 to 2022 in Persian sources and from 2016 to 2022 in English sources. SPSS software was employed to conduct meta-analysis tests, resulting in the production of forest, bubble, heterogeneity, and funnel (diffusion bias) diagrams. VOSviewer software was used to assess scientific databases for content production in this field. The results indicate that the main dimensions of the research encompass physical and functional dimensions, structural and spatial dimensions, individual and personality dimensions, and cultural and social dimensions in the design of urban spaces. The position of research in the field of urban space design for women holds significance in the global research literature.
Welfare and Planning
Reza Zare; Mohammad Safari Dashtaki
Abstract
It is generally accepted that women and girls are more vulnerable to the exploitation, poverty, violence and malnutrition than men. They have less opportunity for education and training. Social entrepreneurship gives women the opportunity to control their own destinies. It allows women enjoy greater ...
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It is generally accepted that women and girls are more vulnerable to the exploitation, poverty, violence and malnutrition than men. They have less opportunity for education and training. Social entrepreneurship gives women the opportunity to control their own destinies. It allows women enjoy greater independency, empowerment and social participation than the traditional and state-owned investments. The present study aimed to provide a social entrepreneurship model with an approach to empowerment of female household heads in the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and identification and explanation of effective factors in the formation of this process and its consequences through applying a qualitative research method and the Grounded Theory (GT) strategy. In this regard, interviews were conducted with eighteen university experts and family workers from Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Fars province as the statistical sample using a semi-structured theoretical and purposive method. The interview results were analyzed in three stages namely the open, axial and selective coding. According to obtained results, empowering policies create the social entrepreneurship and the phenomenon orientation in the interaction with other factors. Relationships of these factors are shown in the final model of research. Capacity-building, physical-psychological boosting and supportive laws have significant effects on the creation of empowering policies. This attitude ultimately becomes a basis for the emergence of social entrepreneurship phenomenon.
Welfare and Planning
Sajjad Basharpoor; Azadeh Abasi; Fatemeh Ghorbani; Akbar Atadokht; Sajjad Almardi Someh
Abstract
The aim of current study was assessing the relation of body image dissatisfaction and social anxiety with using of cosmetics in female college students.The method of this research was descriptive-analytical. The whole female students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in second half of 2013 comprised statistical ...
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The aim of current study was assessing the relation of body image dissatisfaction and social anxiety with using of cosmetics in female college students.The method of this research was descriptive-analytical. The whole female students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in second half of 2013 comprised statistical population of this study. One hundred and ten female students selected from this society by multistage randomly sampling. They were asked to respond questionnaires of social anxiety, body image dissatisfaction and researcher made questionnaire of using of cosmetics. Gathered data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression tests. The correlation results showed that the using ratio of cosmetics are related positively to body image dissatisfaction (r=0.44, P<0.001). Social anxiety (r=0.26, P<0.001) and its components as fear (r=0.28, P<0.004), physiological symptoms (r=0.22, P<0.02) and avoidance (r=0.21, P<0.03). The results of regression analysis also showed that 19% of variance of the using of cosmetics was explained by body image dissatisfaction and social anxiety disorder gender attitudes. Results of this study demonstrated that body image dissatisfaction and social anxiety disorder play role in the using of cosmetics.
Welfare and Planning
Mohsen Noghanidokht Bahmani; Zahra Baradaran-Kashani; Mahdi Kermani; Ahmadreza Asgharpour-Masouleh
Abstract
Unskilled women workers, including hotel housekeepers, despite a major contribution to the quality of the facilities, usually have invisible and less known position. While good understanding of their situation and the factors affecting their job performance can significant gains in improving their living ...
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Unskilled women workers, including hotel housekeepers, despite a major contribution to the quality of the facilities, usually have invisible and less known position. While good understanding of their situation and the factors affecting their job performance can significant gains in improving their living conditions and improve the quality of services related to human resources in the tourism industry. This research studies the employment status of women hotel housekeepers in ten hotels and other types of residential complexes in Mashhad city. The required data is obtained through in-depth interviews. Then texts of interviews have been analyzed by grounded theory method to present a paradigm model. The results indicate weakness in job performance and quality of life of the population under study. Also, respondents have faced with a series of physical and mental health problems in their personal life and workplace. The results suggest the need for synchronization job skills training and general life skills. Accordingly, it can be expected that individuals take less costly strategies to perform manual work in workplace. So a more long-term physical health and achieve material welfare is followed.
Sociology of feeding
Heshmatollah Saadi; Hajar Vahdat Moaddab
Abstract
Female heads of households are responsible for the material and spiritual needs of the families because of a deceased, missing, separated, divorced, addicted, disabled (permanent or temporary), imprisonment, ill or military deployed male head of households. Survey research was employed in the study. ...
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Female heads of households are responsible for the material and spiritual needs of the families because of a deceased, missing, separated, divorced, addicted, disabled (permanent or temporary), imprisonment, ill or military deployed male head of households. Survey research was employed in the study. The target population includes rural women heads of households Razan city. Following Cochran’s formula, a sample of 92 participants was randomly selected. After an extensive literature review, a standardized questionnaire for measure of household food insecurity was used. The questionnaire reliability which is estimated by Cronbach’s Alpha was 89.5.Findings of research indicated that food security for 25 percent of women in over and 75 percent of them are different degrees of food insecurity. So food security have significant relationship with factors such as education, the number of children under 18 years old, supervisory status, and home ownership.
Psychology
Asad Allah Babaei Fard
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of women's employment on Family and Social Relations in the city of Aran & Bidgol. The theoretical framework of research is Role Conflict theory. Survey methods is used in this study and the statistical population included all women working in the city of Aran & ...
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This study investigates the effect of women's employment on Family and Social Relations in the city of Aran & Bidgol. The theoretical framework of research is Role Conflict theory. Survey methods is used in this study and the statistical population included all women working in the city of Aran & Bidgol. Using Cochran's formula and Simple Random Sampling, 250 married women were selected as research sample. Statistical tests show that there is meaningful and direct relationship between Conflictin Social Relations, Conflict in Housekeeping, Conflict in Spouse Handling, Conflict in Children Handling, Age, Number of Children and Work Pressures. There is also an inverse relation between Education and Working Pressure. In the Multivariate Analysis and Path Analysis among the four first variables, only two variables, namely Conflictin Social Relations and Conflict in Housekeeping, entered into the regression equation and other variables are out of the equation. As a result, Work Pressure on employed women creates effects on their Social Relations and Housekeeping that in trurn, creates new conflicts for them. The paper argues how Role Conflicts, in particular Work Pressures, can create risks for physical and mental health of working women.
