Women's Studies
Amir Rastegar Khaled
Abstract
Attitude toward motherhood among societies has changed over time and fertility rates have decreased. Mothering and motherhood are rapidly expanding subjects of the literature of the context. A set of these studies has a more macro focus in terms of origins of motherhood and how it is manifested in practice. ...
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Attitude toward motherhood among societies has changed over time and fertility rates have decreased. Mothering and motherhood are rapidly expanding subjects of the literature of the context. A set of these studies has a more macro focus in terms of origins of motherhood and how it is manifested in practice. In the current research, based on Parson's general theory of action (A.G.I.L), motherhood is conceptualized as a kind of action system. In light of this theory, motherhood has four main dimensions: biological, psychological, social and cultural. Accordingly, this study examined the influence of women's religiousness on their motherhood attitudes. This study explores how aspects and type of religiousness are related to attitude toward motherhood. Random sampling method was used and 384 women were selected from city of Tehran. The factors explaining the connection between religiousness and motherhood are also examined. Multiple measures of religiousness and motherhood are considered in multivariate regression models. The results indicate that religious women have more traditional or positive attitudes toward motherhood.
Alireza Dehghan Niri; Atefe Aghaie; Mohaddese Ziachi
Abstract
The current paper aims to study pregnant women’s usage of cyber space as a muted group. This is a qualitative research which has been done using grounded theory method and interview technique. We interviewed a number of pregnant women who had visited some websites related to pregnancy issues, during ...
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The current paper aims to study pregnant women’s usage of cyber space as a muted group. This is a qualitative research which has been done using grounded theory method and interview technique. We interviewed a number of pregnant women who had visited some websites related to pregnancy issues, during fall and winter of 1394. The interviewees were 16 pregnant women and we met them in a hospital located in Saadatabad in Tehran. Our results show that women can overcome gender-based limitations using special websites concerning pregnancy issues, and remark their issues and problems related to pregnancy freely and clearly. Moreover, they have been able to play a more active and participative role in getting medical care during pregnancy in general and in their relation with physicians in particular.
Women's Studies
Hussein Raghfar; Mehdi Soleimani
Abstract
The present research aims to study the relationship between cultural, social and economic factors conducted by imam Khomeini Relief Committee and poverty alleviation among divorced women and widows. To do so, divorced women and widows from Aleshtar city were chosen as the statistical society of the research. ...
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The present research aims to study the relationship between cultural, social and economic factors conducted by imam Khomeini Relief Committee and poverty alleviation among divorced women and widows. To do so, divorced women and widows from Aleshtar city were chosen as the statistical society of the research. 120 subjects were randomly selected using clustering method. Questionnaire was used to collect data. To analyze data, spearman coefficient, Kendalls Tau-b, and step- regression statics were used. Also, Amos software was used in structural equations modeling frame. The research results showed that there is a significant relationship between the extent of low-interest loans, self- employment plans, and public training and widows and divorced women`s poverty alleviation. Also, the role of Relief Commite`s non-monetary helps in women`s poverty alleviation was not verified. The findings imply that the emphasis on low-interest loans and women`s participation in self- employment, training and public education programs has a positive effect on this organization`s performance to alleviate women`s poverty.
Women's Studies
Maryam Mokhtari; Abdolah Fazeli
Abstract
Today gender segregation in the workplace is increasingly sensitive. Thus analysis of the reasons behind such phenomenon is of fundamental importance. The aim of this study is to investigate the Occupational Gender Segregation among Ahwaz Public Libraries Foundation employees with emphasis on the role ...
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Today gender segregation in the workplace is increasingly sensitive. Thus analysis of the reasons behind such phenomenon is of fundamental importance. The aim of this study is to investigate the Occupational Gender Segregation among Ahwaz Public Libraries Foundation employees with emphasis on the role of work values. The method of this research is survey and data were collected by questionnaire in 1393. Population consists of 72 employees of Ahwaz Public Libraries Foundation. This research has been conducted using consensus method. Results showed a significant difference of four dimensions of work values, namely, work/life-balance values, social work values, intrinsic work values and extrinsic work values between men and women. In other words, women have higher work/life-balance values and social work values whereas men have higher intrinsic and extrinsic work values.
Leila Safa; Mansoreh Adibi
Abstract
Due to the increasing number of Telegram social network users in Iran especially among the young and educated people, it seems that the study of use of such networks is important particularly in educational activities. Given the importance of the issue, the purpose of this descriptive- correlative research ...
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Due to the increasing number of Telegram social network users in Iran especially among the young and educated people, it seems that the study of use of such networks is important particularly in educational activities. Given the importance of the issue, the purpose of this descriptive- correlative research was to study the factors affecting students’ intention to use Telegram social network in educational activities with focusing on moderating effect of gender. The statistical population of the research consisted of all M.Sc. students of agricultural majors at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (N= 767). According to the Bartlett et al. table, a sample size of 196 students was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. A standard questionnaire (after adjusting the questions with the field of research) was employed to collect data. The results showed that two variables of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness had a positive and significant effect on attitude toward using telegram in educational activities, whereas, there was not a significant relationship between perceived usefulness and attitude. Also, attitude had a positive and significant effect on agricultural students’ intention to use Telegram in educational activities. The results of multi-group analysis indicated that gender had a moderating effect on the relationship between perceived ease of use and attitude toward using Telegram in educational activities, so that the relationship was non-significant for female students, whereas it was positive and significant for male students.
Women's Studies
Majid Kafi; Leila Bahmani; Maryam Sadat Delavar
Abstract
The present study is based on the assumption that the more the women enjoy the cultural capital, the higher their position in the power structure of the family and the more their bargaining power will become. For evaluating the aforementioned theory, the required data were attained through survey methodology ...
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The present study is based on the assumption that the more the women enjoy the cultural capital, the higher their position in the power structure of the family and the more their bargaining power will become. For evaluating the aforementioned theory, the required data were attained through survey methodology and questionnaire tool and a sample size of 385 married women residing in Shiraz was selected. The sampling method was multistage random and random and for analyzing the data and testing the theories, the statistical methods of correlation coefficient, multivariable regression, and path analysis were used. The findings show a significant relationship between the types of cultural capital (institutionalized, embodied, and objectified) and the women's power in family; which means that by increasing the types of cultural capital in women, their power would increase too. Amongst the whole underlying variables, men's education, women's employment and family dimension suggest a significant relationship with the women's power. The results of regressive coefficients show that three variables of employment, family members, and cultural capital play a role according to their importance in determining the dependent variable and in general, they describe 40% of the dependent variable of the variance (R2= 0.40).
Psychology
Ali Mohammad Naemi
Abstract
Today, self-objectification is defined by evaluating the others based on physical appearance, beauty and sexual attractiveness; it is a major source of women suffering especially for female students and reduces their resilience and self-compassion thereby endangering mental health. The current study ...
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Today, self-objectification is defined by evaluating the others based on physical appearance, beauty and sexual attractiveness; it is a major source of women suffering especially for female students and reduces their resilience and self-compassion thereby endangering mental health. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between self-objectification with resilience and self-compassion of female students of Islamic Azad university of Sabzevar. The present research was descriptive and correlative. The population of this study included all incoming female students of Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar in 2014 that were totally 647 individuals. Using accessible sampling method and with help of Cochran’s formula for sample size, 242 subjects were selected through Stratified random sampling method. The data was collected using McKinley & Hyde self-objectification scale, Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Neff self -compassion Scale. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression were used for analyzing data with SPSS18. The results showed that there were significant and negative correlation between self-objectification with resilience and self-compassion. In addition, it was found that component of self-objectification (body shame, body surveillance, appearance control) could respectively explain 31 Percent of variance of resilience and 18 Percent of self-compassion among students. Therefore, decreasing self-objectification can increase resilience and self-compassion among female students.
