نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• بهروز صادقی عمروآبادی ¹
• امیر منتظزحجت ²
• سجاد بهمنی ³
• احمد صلاح منش ⁴
• فائزه امرائی ⁵

¹ استادیار اقتصاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

² دانشیار اقتصاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

³ استادیار جامعه شناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

⁴ دانشیار اقتصاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

⁵ کارشناسی ارشد رشته اقتصاد نظری-دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

تعاونی‌ها از دیرباز در عرصه محرومیت‌زدایی مورد توجه سیاست‌گذاران بوده و قادر به توانمندسازی زنان سرپرست خانوار به عنوان بخش مهمی از محرومیت در استان خوزستان می‌باشند. بنابراین سوال اصلی این پژوهش عبارت است از: مهم‌ترین استراتژی‌های توسعه تعاونی در مسیر محرومیت زدایی زنان سرپرست خانوار استان خوزستان کدامند؟ پژوهش طبق مطالعات اسنادی و نظر خبرگان به‌دنبال بررسی عوامل موثر بر محرومیت زنان سرپرست از مسیر تعاونی‌ها می‌باشد. مطالعه با رویکرد آینده پژوهی و روش سناریوسازی با نرم افزار سناریو ویزارد می‌اشد. مصاحبه کنندگان و خبرگان، 40 نفر از کارشناسان اقتصادی، اجتماعی و مدیریت اجرایی، دانشگاهی و مدیران تعاونی‌های زنان استان خوزستان در سال 1403 بوده است. طبق اطلاعات تحقیق، نمونه گیری به شکل غیراحتمالی قضاوتی انجام شد .نتایج 4 سناریو را شناسایی کرد. سناریوهای بخش اول )مطلوب)، شرایط مناسب اقتصادی با حمایت مسئولین و توسعه زیرساختی و شامل دو سناریوی مطلوب‌ترین سناریوی بخش اول (همه عوامل، دارای شرایط مطلوب) و سناریوی دوم، سناریوی مطلوب بخش اول که این حالت فقط در مؤلفه فرهنگ است که شرایط ایستا را درنظر می‌گیرد. سناریوی سوم (ایستا)، شرایط ایستا با رویکرد تقویت زیرساخت‌ها و تونمندسازی زنان با حفظ وضع موجود را مطرح می‌کند و سناریوی چهارم (بحران)، وضع نامطلوب تعاونی‌های زنان را نشان می‌دهد. مهمترین ویژگی‌های این سناریوها تقویت توجه به بخش تعاون در اقتصاد و نظر مسئولین، افزایش حمایت از طریق زیرساخت‌های آموزش و حضور زنان، توجه به موضوعات فرهنگی متناسب با توسعه در حوزه کارکردن زنان، بهبود سطح تحصیلات زنان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تعاون
• فقر
• محرومیت زدایی
• زنان
• آینده پژوهی

موضوعات

• مطالعات زنان

عنوان مقاله [English]

Strategies of Cooperative Companies in Eliminating the Disadvantage of Female Heads of Households with a Futures Research Approach

نویسندگان [English]

• behrouz sadeghi amroabadi ¹
• amir montazerhojat ²
• sajjad bahmani ³
• ahmad salahmansesh ⁴
• Faezeh Amraii ⁵

¹ Assistant Professor of Economics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

² Associate Professor of Economics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

³ Assistant Professor of Sociology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

⁴ Associate Professor of Economics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

⁵ Master in Theoretical Economics- Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

The contribution of cooperation in removing the deprivation of female heads of the household with a future research approach

Abstract

Introduction

Taking advantage of endogenous capacities such as cooperatives, which are able to increase the capacity of men and women heads of households, as an important part of deprivation in Khuzestan province, through sharing efforts, has long been parallel and as a helper of the government. In the field of deprivation removal and poverty reduction, it has been the attention of planners and policy makers. Therefore, considering that currently, in line with the general policies of social security, there is a serious effort among the executive bodies in creating employment and eliminating unemployment and moving towards justice-centered and deprivation removal, it is necessary to use the potential capacities of the cooperative sector. In order to achieve fair economic growth, he used it appropriately. One of the approaches to achieve this goal is the development of cooperative companies in the path of deprivation. Taking advantage of endogenous capacities such as cooperatives, which are able to increase the capacity of men and women who are heads of households as an important part of deprivation in Khuzestan province through sharing efforts, has long been parallel and as a helper of the government. In the field of deprivation removal and poverty reduction, it has been the attention of planners and policy makers; As Birchall (1997) considers cooperatives as one of the most important non-governmental organizations, their success and benefits in poverty reduction programs are realized through members' self-help and their special privileges; Also, ILO emphasized the promotion of cooperatives and their role in reducing poverty. Based on this, the present research aims to identify the key drivers and existing uncertainties, and investigate the possible scenarios in the path of the transformation of cooperative companies for the elimination of women's deprivation in the coming years. Based on this, in line with the issues raised, the main question of this research is: What are the most important strategies for the development of cooperative companies in the path of depriving female heads of households in Khuzestan province?

Methodology

In this research, according to the research topic, a combined method was used. At first, based on library studies, the factors affecting the exclusion of female guardians from the path of cooperatives were collected, and then it was completed by asking experts. This study was carried out with the future research approach and scenario creation method using scenario wizard software. The interviewers and experts of the study were 40 economic, social and executive and university management experts as well as managers of women's cooperative companies in Khuzestan province in 1403. The interview with the experts continues until it reaches the degree of saturation and the conversations and factors are repeated. Then, after collecting the questionnaires, Mic Mac software was used to extract the main factors influencing the disenfranchisement of women with cooperatives. The results obtained from the analysis of the matrix and how the variables are distributed in the diagram (around the diameter) indicate that the factors have a large and scattered effect on each other and therefore the system is unstable. On the other hand, the matrix is based on statistical indicators with 2 The rotation load and 96% of filling have 100% desirability and optimization, which shows the high validity of the matrix and its answers Cooperation, educational and insurance infrastructures, ethnic culture, education level, macroeconomic situation) were placed as strategic variables in the first area of the scatter map. Then, in order to create a scenario, expert experts were asked for their opinions at this stage, and by summarizing them, 12 possible situations were defined for the above 5 key factors. The considered situations for each factor were similar to other factors and covered a range of unfavorable to favorable situations. After determining the key variables, different predictable states for the future of these key variables are determined. The considered situations for each factor were similar to other factors and covered a range of unfavorable to favorable situations.

Discussion

The results of this study, using a futures research method, provide a comprehensive picture of the potential future of cooperatives in eliminating the deprivation of women heads of households in Khuzestan Province. The scenarios derived from the opinions of experts show that the success of this strategy is closely related to several factors. Based on the existing scenarios, the desirable scenarios focus on the important role of comprehensive support for the cooperative sector at the macroeconomic level and emphasize the expansion of support infrastructure (education, insurance, tax and legal facilities), women's empowerment by increasing the level of education and access to technology, and improving macroeconomic conditions (economic growth increases, inflation decreases, and sanctions are lifted). In contrast, the critical scenario indicates the risks arising from ignoring these factors and the spread of cultural and economic barriers. The static scenario also points out that maintaining the status quo, without making fundamental changes in infrastructure and approaches, cannot lead to a significant improvement in the situation of women heads of households. Thus, advancing a proactive and forward-looking strategy, targeting key elements identified in the desired scenarios, is essential to achieving development goals at this stage. Overall, the present study shows that the development of cooperatives can play an important role in alleviating the deprivation of female heads of households, but this requires comprehensive planning and attention to multiple factors. Support from the government and relevant institutions for the cooperative sector, improving support infrastructure, empowering women through education and facilitating access to technology, and improving macroeconomic conditions are all key factors that should be considered in policymaking.

Conclusion:

The results of the study show that comprehensive support for the cooperative sector in the macroeconomic and the opinion of the authorities, strengthening and supporting cooperatives through infrastructure, supporting a development-oriented culture, increasing the efficiency of women's cooperatives, and improving the development of macroeconomic conditions are among the most important strategies for the cooperative sector in the path of eliminating the deprivation of female heads of households in Iran. These results are consistent with the studies of Thorp et al. (2005), Kwapong & Hanisch (2013), and Abbaskhah et al. (2021). In other words, consistent with previous theories and studies, this study shows that the most important features of the scenarios in this study are strengthening attention to the cooperative sector in the economy and the opinion of the authorities, increasing support through educational infrastructure and the presence of women, paying attention to cultural issues appropriate to development in the field of women's work, and improving the level of women's education.

For future studies, it is suggested that, using statistical data and time series or panel econometric methods, the status of women's cooperatives and its relationship with welfare and economic indicators at the provincial level or in developing countries be examined.



Key words: cooperation, poverty, Deprivation, women, Futurology

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• cooperation
• poverty
• Deprivation
• women
• Futurology