نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده الهیات، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، خراسان رضوی، ایران
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مطالعات خانواده و زنان، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
خشونت خانگی علیه زنان پدیده‌ای است که آثار ناگواری بر سلامت جسم و روح زنان و به‌تبع آن بر سلامت خانواده وارد می‌کند. از آن مهم‌تر خشونت و سوءرفتار زوج علیه زوجه است که با توجه به نقش و جایگاه زن در خانواده، لزوم توجه و بررسی بیشتر این پدیده مشخص می‌شود. این پژوهش به‌دنبال پاسخ به این سؤال اساسی است که چه قواعد فقهی و حقوقی در رفع و منع پدیدۀ خشونت خانگی زوج علیه زوجه وجود دارد. در این پژوهش، این موضوع از منظر فقهی و حقوقی بررسی و به برخی از شبهاتی که درمورد جواز چنین خشونتی در اسلام وجود دارد پاسخ داده می‌شود. همچنین دیدگاه قانون‌گذار ایران به موضوع بررسی و درنهایت راهکارهایی برای مقابله و توقف این پدیده ارائه می‌شود. روش تحقیق توصیفی است و با ابزار تحلیل محتوای کیفی به تبیین موضوع پرداخته شده است. از نظر فقه امامیه، انواع خشونت به‌خصوص از سوی زوج، علیه زنان منع شده و از منظر مقررات داخلی حقوق ایران، با وجود خلأهای قانونی در این خصوص، اقداماتی مبنی بر بسترسازی فرهنگی در بادی امر و در کنار آن تصویب قوانین خاص، مؤثر و کارآمد، از جمله تصویب هرچه سریع‌تر لایحۀ «پیشگیری از آسیب‌دیدگی زنان و ارتقای امنیت آنان در برابر سوءرفتار» می‌تواند تا حد زیادی از ارتکاب این پدیده بکاهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Domestic Violence of the Husband against the Wife (a Comparative Study in Imamiyyah Jurisprudence and Iranian Law with an Emphasis on the Bill "Preventing Women from being Injured and Improving their Safety against Misbehavior"
نویسندگان [English]
- Elham Shariati 1
- Fateme Rajaee 2
- Fahime Ahmadi 3
- Zahra Sadat Hejazi 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
2 , Assistant Prof., Department of Fiqh and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
3 Master student, Department of Family and Women Studies, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Master Student, Department of International Public Law, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Domestic violence against women, as a social issue, has always been considered in different societies. Many researches have been conducted on domestic violence all over the world. There are different kinds of knowledge from which domestic violence can be considered. Psychology, sociology, criminology and pathology are some of these sciences. Researchers have recognized it as a serious social problem and issue. This phenomenon has adverse effects on the health of the body and mind of women and consequently the health of the family and society. According to Quran, men and women are equal in terms of human status and dignity. According to the religion of Islam and the Quran, gender is not a criterion of superiority of one over the other. Considering the role and position of women in the family, there is more attention and investigation on the phenomenon of domestic violence. In this research, the issue of husband violence against the wife has been tried to be investigated from a jurisprudential and legal point of view. In addition, some questions about the permissibility of such violence in Islam are examined and some important doubts in this field are answered. In addition, the Iranian legislator's view on the issue of violence is examined and finally, solutions to stopping of this phenomenon are presented. Also, in this research, it is emphasized that the speedy approval of laws that lead to the violation of women's rights is part of the emphasis of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The method of this research is descriptive. We have used qualitative content analysis. According to Imamy jurisprudence, all types of violence against women, especially from the husband, are forbidden. There are some doubts about this issue but all of them can be answered by using jurisprudential sources. In addition, there are cases in Islam that show Islam's serious opposition to violence against women. For example, Islam has condemned the ugly customs such as Waad, Ilaa, Zehar and Erth al-Nisaa, and Islam has forbidden to harm a believer. Also in Iranian law, there are two views in opposition with violence: 1. The common point of view is guidance with an emphasis on compromise, mediation and counseling; 2. The criminalization of domestic violence, which is reflected in the bill "preventing women's injuries and improving their security against misbehavior". Eventually husband's violence against wife is something that may be learned through the learning process in society. Therefore, cultural activities, education and training can be effective in preventing and reducing this phenomenon. Also, passing effective and efficient laws, such as criminalizing violence, supporting abused or homeless women, and passing the bill as soon as possible can greatly reduce the commission of this phenomenon in the society.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Islamic Legal System
- Women's Rights
- Domestic Violence
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