نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات زنان، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مطالعات زنان و خانواده، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

خودکشی یکی از دیربازترین پدیدارهای جوامع انسانی است و از آنجا که طبعاً باید در چارچوب روان‌شناسی اجتماعی هر جامعه و جماعت‌های فرعی‌تر خود مطالعه و فهم شود، تاکنون بخش مهمی از مطالعات اجتماعی خودکشی، متمرکز بر خودکشی در مناطق عشایری و روستایی بوده است. چندسالی است آمار قابل‌توجه خودکشی و به‌ویژه خودسوزی زنان در منطقۀ دیشموک استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، بازتاب رسانه‌ای گسترده‌ای یافته است. این پژوهش در پی آن بود تا به‌وسیلۀ روش کیفی پدیدارشناسی به شیوۀ گئورگی و با ابزار مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساخت‌یافته، خودکشی در این منطقۀ روستایی-عشایری را مطالعه و بررسی کند. نمونۀ پژوهش، هدفمند و متشکل از افرادی است که خودکشی ناموفق داشته‌اند و یا یکی از نزدیکانشان خودکشی منجر به مرگ داشته است. محققان در فهم ادراکات مصاحبه‌شوندگان از علل و زمینه‌های اقدام به خودکشی در این منطقه به پنج مقولۀ اصلی: 1) عدم آگاهی و مهارت مدیریت زندگی؛
2) عدم رضایت از زندگی خصوصی؛ 3) رسیدن به احساس بن‌بست و گیرکردن در زندگی اجتماعی؛ 5) زمینه‌های شخصیتی و سطحی بودن برخی باورهای دینی؛ رسیده‌اند که هرکدام جداگانه در بخش یافته‌ها به مفاهیم جزئی‌تر تفکیک و به نقل‌قول‌هایی از مصاحبه‌شوندگان مستند شده‌اند. سرانجام، این مقوله‌ها با بخشی از ادبیات نظری خودکشی مقایسه شده و نویسندگان پیشنهادهایی برای پیشگیری از خودکشی ارائه داده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenomenology of Female Suicide in Dishmuk Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh Rahmani 1
  • Mohsen Badreh 2
  • Zahra Mirhosseini 2

1 PhD Student of Women Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Women and Family Studies, Faculty of Social Science and Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Suicide is one of the oldest phenomena of human societies, and since it must be studied and understood within the framework of social psychology of each society and its sub-communities, so far an important part of social studies of suicide has been focused on suicide in nomadic and rural areas. For several years, the significant number of suicides and especially women's self-immolations in the Dishmuk region of Kohgiluyeh and Boyar Ahmad provinces has been widely reflected in the media. This research sought to study and investigate suicide in this rural-nomadic area by using the qualitative method of phenomenology in Georgi's style and using semi-structured interviews. The research sample is purposeful and consists of people who have had an unsuccessful suicide or one of their relatives has committed suicide leading to death. In understanding the interviewees' perceptions of the causes and contexts of suicide attempts in this region, the researchers divided them into five main categories: 1) lack of knowledge and life management skills; 2) lack of satisfaction with private life; 3) reaching a feeling of dead end and getting stuck in social life; and 5) the personal aspects and the superficiality of some religious beliefs have been reached, each of which has been separated into more detailed concepts in the findings section and documented with quotes from the interviewees. Finally, these categories are compared with some of the theoretical literature on suicide, and the authors provide suggestions for suicide prevention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Women's Suicide
  • Women's Self-Immolation
  • Dishmuk
  • Rural Women
  • Female Villagers
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