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بررسی میزان آسیب‌پذیری زنان در مقایسه با مردان در دوران کووید-19

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد حسابداری، دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

در مقالۀ حاضر با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون پروبیت تأثیر عوامل جمعیت‌شناختی بر وضعیت درآمد، پس‌انداز و اشتغال بعد از دوران کرونا نسبت به قبل از آن در مشهد براساس تفکیک جنسیتی، بین دو گروه زنان و مردان سنجش شد. داده‌ها به روش پرسشنامه‌ای و به‌صورت آنلاین جمع‌آوری و رگرسیون‌های مربوط به وضعیت درآمد، پس‌انداز و اشتغال با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. حجم نمونه شامل 1093 نفر بود که از این تعداد 523 نفر زن و 570 نفر مرد بودند. نتایج پس از تحلیل رگرسیون در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد، حاکی از آن است که افراد با سن بالاتر، مستأجران و خانوارهایی که تعداد اعضای بیشتری دارند دچار کاهش درآمد و پس‌انداز بیشتری شدند که در این بین مردان بیش از زنان آسیب دیدند. با بهبود طبقۀ درآمدی، تحصیلات و موقعیت اقتصادی اجتماعی می‌توان از آسیب‌های ناشی از کرونا کاست که در این زمینه، میزان کاهش در آسیب زنان نسبت به مردان مقدار بیشتری است. مشاغل آزاد و حقوق‌بگیران بخش خصوصی کاهش بیشتری در درآمد، پس‌انداز و بدترشدن وضعیت شغلی خود مشاهده کردند که در بین شاغلان، زنان شاغل بیش از مردان شاغل دچار زیان ناشی از کرونا شدند. همچنین براساس نتایج مطالعه با ارتقای طبقۀ درآمدی، تحصیلات و بهبود موقعیت اقتصادی-اجتماعی، زنان نسبت به مردان، بهبود بیشتری در وضعیت شغلی، درآمدی و پس‌اندازی خود مشاهده می‌کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Level of Vulnerability of Women Compared to Men in the Era of Covid-19

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Moshkabadi Mohajer 1
  • Zeinab Moshkabadi Mohajer 2

1 PhD in Economics, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad. Iran.

2 Master of Accounting, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study investigates the effect of socioeconomic factors on income, savings and employment status during the outbreak and spread of Covid-19, with a focus on gender segregation between two groups of women and men.
The data for this article were gathered through the administration of questionnaires. SPSS software was utilized to analyze the regressions related to the status of income, savings, and employment. The investigation encompasses a statistical population of 1093 individuals, of which 523 are women and 570 are men at the 95% confidence level, the results of the regression analysis indicate that households with more members, tenants, and older individuals have all experienced a decline in income and savings, with males being disproportionately affected. Enhancing socioeconomic status, education, and income class has the potential to mitigate the detrimental effects of Corona. Specifically, women experience a greater reduction in damage than males in this regard. Among different jobs, self-employed jobs were disproportionately impacted by Corona than government and salaried positions. Given the significance of employment in both the public and private sectors within Iranian society, it was deliberated in this domain. In this regard, females have incurred a greater number of occupational injuries and losses than males. Hence, it can be asserted that employed women hold occupations that are more precarious in nature compared to employed men, and in times of emergencies such as the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, they will endure a greater degree of occupational harm.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Covid-19
  • Gender Difference
  • Socio-Economic Factors
  • Women
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دوره 22، شماره 2
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صفحه 539-563
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