نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جمعیت‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جمعیت‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

چکیده

بقا مهم‌ترین دغدغۀ بشر در طول تاریخ بوده است. تحرک مکانی (مهاجرت) یکی از راهکارهای انسان برای دستیابی به بقا بوده است. در فرایند مهاجرت، اولین و مهم‌ترین کنش مهاجران، به‌ویژه مهاجران فرودست،کنش‌های بقا و سازگاری‌محور با جامعۀ مقصد است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال واکاوی چگونگی کنش‌های بقامحور در میان زنان مهاجر حاشیه‌نشین شهر یزد است. روش پژوهش کیفی است و در آن، از رویکرد نظریۀ زمینه‌ای استفاده شده است. مشارکت‌کنندگان 21 نفر از زنان مهاجر به شهر یزد از استان‌های مختلف کشور با مدت اقامت بیش از دو سال بوده‌اند که به‌صورت هدفمند و به شیوۀ نمونه‌گیری نظری انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته است و تحلیل داده‌ها به شیوۀ کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی صورت گرفته است. یافته‌ها نشان داد شکاف نسلی و سیاست‌گذاری‌های نامناسب در مبدأهای مهاجرتی با ایجاد تغییرات گسترده به‌صورت پیوند بقا به مادیات، زنان را وادار به کنش عقلانی و اتخاذ مهاجرت به‌عنوان راهبردی عملی برای دستیابی و حفظ بقا می‌کند. این مسیر غالباً عقلانی، همراه با اندازه‌گیری و محاسبه و با محوریت پول است. اما در فرایند دوام و بقا در مقصد، زنان نیازمند مشوق‌هایی فراتر از پول هستند. هرچند مسیر اصلی سرتاسر محاسبه است، معنویت در زنان با کارکرد امیدزایی و التیام‌بخشی به آسیب‌های روانی، سازگاری زنان مهاجر را افزایش می‌دهد و پشتوانه‌ای برای ایستادگی و تلاش آنان برای تضمین و تسهیل بقا را فراهم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

From Spirituality to Rationality, Exploring the Paths of Adaptation and Survival of Marginalized Immigrant Women in Yazd City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Jafari Naeimi 1
  • Maliheh Alimondegari 2
  • Ali Ruhani 3

1 MA in Demography, Department of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Demography, Department of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Survival has been the most important concern of mankind throughout history. Spatial mobility (migration) has been one of the strategies of humans to achieve survival. In the migration process, the first and most important actions of immigrants, especially immigrants with lower economic levels, are survival and adaptation-oriented actions with the destination society. Therefore, the present research has sought to analyze the survival-oriented actions among marginalized immigrant women in Yazd city. The current research method is qualitative and grounded theory approach is used. The participants were 21 women who immigrated to Yazd city from different provinces of the country with a residence period of more than two years, who were selected in a targeted manner using theoretical sampling. The data collection tool was semi-structured interview and data analysis was done by open, central and selective coding method. The findings showed that the generational gap and inappropriate policies in immigration origins by creating extensive changes in the form of linking survival to material things, forces women to act rationally and adopt migration as a practical guide to achieve and maintain survival. This path is often rational, with measurement and calculation and centered on money. But on the other hand, in the process of durability and survival in the destination, women need incentives beyond money. Although the main path is all calculation, spirituality in women increases the adaptability of immigrant women by generating hope and healing mental injuries, and provides a support for their standing and efforts to ensure and facilitate survival.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adaptation and Survival- Oriented Action
  • Internal Migration
  • Marginalization
  • Women. Yazd City
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