نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه علوم اسلامی رضوی، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترای مطالعات زنان، دانشگاه ادیان، قم، ایران

چکیده

اجرای برنامه‌های عمرانی (توسعۀ سرمایه‌داری) در دورۀ پهلوی دوم، اغلب از منظر اقتصادی یا سیاسی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته است، در حالی‌که تاثیر این برنامه‌ها بر حوزۀ فرهنگ نیز قابل بررسی است. هویت زن ایرانی یکی از قلمروهایی است که تحت تاثیر سیاست‌های فرهنگی برنامه‌های توسعۀ این دوره، دستخوش تغییر و تحول شده است. در این مقاله با هدف بررسی تغییرات هویت زنانه در دورۀ پهلوی دوم و تاثیر آن بر شرایط امروز، بازنمایی هویت زنانه در فیلم‌های سینمایی این دوره را مدنظر قرار داده‌ایم. با توجه به اینکه بازنمایی هویت زنانه در سینمای این دوره در ذیل برنامه‌های توسعۀ سرمایه‌داری رقم خورده است، از چارچوب نظریِ صنعت‌ فرهنگ‌سازی آدرونو و هورکهایمر از مکتب فرانفکورت بهره برده‌ایم تا بتوانیم به‌نحو انتقادی تاثیر سیاست‌های توسعۀ سرمایه‌داری را بر صنعت فرهنگ‌سازی در سینمای این دوره را نشان دهیم. متناسب با چارچوب انتقادی مکتب فرانکفورت، از روش تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی لاکلا و موف بهره برده‌ایم تا بتوانیم تغییرات گفتمانی بازنمایی هویت زنانه در دوره‌های تاریخی تولید و پخش آثار سینمایی این دوره شناسایی کنیم. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، چهار گفتمان، از آغاز دوره پهلوی دوم تا سال ۱۳۲۷، اجرای برنامه عمرانی (توسعه) از ۱۳۲۷ تا ۱۳۴۳، وزارت مهرداد پهلبد از ۱۳۴۳ تا ۱۳۵۷ و گفتمان روبه‌ظهور «موج نوی سینمای ایران» از ۱۳۴۰ تا ۱۳۵۷ شناسایی شده است. تحلیل این گفتمان‌ها بیانگر آن است که بازنمایی هویت زنانه در سینمایی این دوره به‌تدریج از هویت سنتی محجبه به سمتِ هویت غربی برهنه‌تر تغییر می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comprehensive Synopsis of a Critical Discourse Analysis of the Second Pahlavi’s Construction (Development) Programs’Implications for Women’s Identity (A Case Study of the Portrayal of Female Identity in This Era’s Cinema)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Ghaeminik 1
  • Hoda Mostafaei 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 PhD student of Women's Studies at University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The implementation of development programs of the second Pahlavi is analyzed from an economic or political view, while they are implied in the field of culture. The Iranian woman's identity has undergone changes under the influence of these cultural development policies. In this article, we study the representation of female identity in the movies of this period with the aim of investigating the changes of that. Considering that this representation was made under the programs of capitalist development, the theoretical framework of Adorno and Horkheimer's cultural industry from the Frankfurt school was used to critically show the representation of the implications of capitalist development on the cultural industry in the cinema of this period. In accordance with the framework of the Frankfurt school, the critical discourse analysis method of Laclau and Mouffe was used to identify the discursive changes of this representation in different periods of production and distribution of cinematographic works. Based on the findings of the research, four discourses have been identified from the beginning of the second Pahlavi period to 1327, the implementation of the construction program (1327-1343), the Ministry of Mehrdad Pahlabad (1343 to 1357) and the emerging discourse of the "new wave of Iranian cinema" (1340-1357). The analysis of these discourses shows that the representation of female identity in the cinema of this period has gradually changed from the traditional veiled identity to a more naked western identity, and the latter identity has been represented as the identity of the progressive and developed class.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • representation
  • second side
  • development
  • cinema
  • female identity
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