نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه فلسفه و عرفان اسلامی، دانشکده حکمت و تاریخ، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، قم، ایران.

10.22059/jwdp.2024.366673.1008391

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، تبیین و صورت‌بندی بعد اجتماعی مفهوم جنسیت براساس نظریۀ «انسان مکتسَب» در حکمت متعالیه با روش اکتشافی و تحلیلی است. آنچه در آثار فلاسفۀ اسلامی در مسئلۀ جنسیت مشاهده می‌شود، تنها بحث از ذکورت و انوثت است که به تفاوت‌های دو جنس اشاره دارد. تعریف مفهوم جنسیت مبتنی بر نظام فلسفی، نیازمند قواعدی است که بتواند عنصر تغییر و تأثیر اجتماع در هویت انسان را توضیح دهد. مبانی و اصول نظریۀ «انسان مکتسب» در حکمت متعالیه حاوی ظرفیت‌های تبیینی در این خصوص است. طبق اصل اختیار و حرکت جوهری اشتدادی، به‌علاوه اصل اتحاد علم و عالم و اتحاد عمل و عامل، هر آنچه انسان از نظر و عمل به آن اقدام می‌کند ابعاد مختلف هویتی او از جمله هویت جنسیتی او را می‌سازد یا در تشکیل آن نقش دارد. رفتارشناسی در حکمت متعالیه نیز مؤید آن است که هر رفتار جنسیتی نخست آنکه ابعاد اکتسابی دارد، دوم آنکه هویت جنسیتی زن و مرد را شکل می‌دهد. درنهایت، طبق اصول حکمت متعالیه، گرچه عنصر اکتساب، هویت جنسیتی را تعریف می‌کند، اما این تعریف از نظر ارزش‌گذاری خنثی نیست. همچنین حدود این تغییرات نیز در چارچوب فطرت و طبیعت است و فراتر از آن وارد عرصۀ ناهنجاری‌ها می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Formulating the Social Dimension of Gender in the Hekmat Sadrai with Emphasis on the Theory of “Acquired Human”

نویسنده [English]

  • Narjes Roodgar

1. Professor Assistant, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism, Faculty of Wisdom and History, Al-Mustafa International University; Qom, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This paper endeavors to elucidate and formulate the social dimension of the concept of gender using an exploratory and analytical approach, as derived from the theory of “Acquired Human” in transcendental wisdom. Gender is exclusively associated with femininity and masculinity in the works of Islamic philosophers, which demonstrates the distinctions between the two sexes. The philosophical approach to gender definition necessitates the establishment of principles that can elucidate the relationships between social change and its impact on human identity. The foundations and principles of the theory of “Acquired Human” are capable of elucidating and clarifying this relationship with regards to the concept of gender in transcendental wisdom. In accordance with the principles of “Free Will,” “Substance Theory”, and the “Unity of the knowledge (Elm), the knower (Ālem), and the Unity of action and actor,” the actions and thoughts of an individual contribute to the formation of various aspects of their identity, including their gender identity. Behaviourism in Transcendental Wisdom also affirms that every gendered behavior initially acquires dimensions, which subsequently shape the gender identity of both men and women. Finally, the definition of gender identity is not neutral, as it is based on the principles of transcendental wisdom, despite the fact that the element of acquisition is a defining factor. The boundaries of its transformations are not limited to the confines of nature; they also play a role in the realm of anomalies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acquired Human
  • Gender
  • Society
  • Mulla Sadra
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