نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
پژوهشکدۀ زنان، دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
از جمله جنایاتی که در عصر جدید، اذهان جامعۀ بشری را مشوش کرد، جنایاتی است که گروه‌های ارهابی چون داعش در سوریه و عراق علیه زنان و کودکان انجام دادند. در طول سال‌های حضور و حکومت داعش در سرزمین‌های تحت سلطه‌اش، جمهوری اسلامی ایران با محوریت شهید سلیمانی خدمات بی‌نظیری برای تأمین امنیت شهروندان این مناطق ارائه داد. براین‌اساس پژوهش حاضر به دنبال پاسخ به این پرسش است که عمده جنایات داعش علیه زنان و کودکان چه بود و تلاش شهید سلیمانی و هم‌رزمانش در دفع این خطرات چه تأثیری داشت. در این بین در عرصۀ مکتوبات و مستندات بین‌المللی، شاهد تحریف واقعیات موجود در خصوص نقش سردار سلیمانی هستیم که سبب شد با استناد به منابع معتبر جهانی شامل مقالات علمی و اسناد بین‌المللی و اخبار آژانس‌های خبری معروف غربی، برخی از مهم‌ترین فجایع داعش علیه زنان و کودکان را از منظر حقوق بین‌الملل برشمریم و نقش شهید سلیمانی را در دفع این خطرات بیان کنیم. از این‌رو، مقالۀ پیش‌رو طی پژوهشی توصیفی به دنبال بیان چیستی جنایات داعش علیه زنان و کودکان و نقش و تأثیر عملکرد شهید سلیمانی و یارانش در مبارزه با این جنایات و سرنگونی دولت اسلامی در عراق و سوریه (داعش) می‌پردازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
ISIS crimes against women and children from the perspective of international law and the role of Martyr Soleimani in confronting it
نویسنده [English]
- Maryam Ahmadinejad
Women Research Center, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Among the crimes agonizing human communities in modern age were crimes that were perpetrated by ISIS groups in Syria and Iraq against women and children.During years of their ruling in those occupied lands Iran led by Martyr Soliemani, offered unique services to help safeguard the security of the citizens in those areas. In addition to the many violences that ISIS inflicted on civilians in the areas under its sovereignty, such as barbaric and mass killings, looting, enforced disappearance, mental and physical torture, food and drug sanctions, committed heinous and unprecedented crimes against women and children that the most important of which are: enslavement and trafficking of women and children, rape and sexual violence, ethnic and religious cleansing and compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed.
This is while, ISIS crimes against women and children have been a part of this terrorist group's strategy, as a weapon and war tactic to create terror, humiliate and crush people's resistance, so that ISIS managed several media to spread these tragedies. ISIS leaders not only put crimes against women and children on their agenda for military purposes, but also used the trafficking of women and children as one of the financial sources. In addition, ISIS brought to the fore a new model of abuse of women under the name of Jihad Nikah. That in many cases, it was a clear example of human trafficking. Jihad Nikah was a title for the exploitation of women, which mainly through seduction and deception by abusing the religious feelings of women who had extremist thoughts, caused terrible tragedies. What intellectual and emotional degeneration has happened in these women that they suffer hardships to be part of a group that is responsible for crimes against women and children, and they willingly work to advance the crimes of ISIS.
According to this, the current research, through a descriptive research, seeks to answer the question, what were the main crimes committed by ISIS against women and children, and what was the effect of Martyr Soleimani's efforts in warding off these dangers? In response to the research problem, the investigations showed that the fact is that terrorist acts and violent ideology of ISIS and its severe, systematic and widespread attacks on civilians, especially women and children, was a global threat to international peace and security. This terrorist group committed heinous crimes with gross violation of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law that many of which included war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide and it hurt and disturbed the minds of the international community. In between, Martyr Qassem Soleimani made a detailed plan to deal with the enemies, immediately after the official invitation of the governments of Syria and Iraq. His goal was to preserve the honor of the nations of the region and saving them from the rule of criminals and terrorist and violent extremist groups, especially ISIS. He freed many cities from the capture and occupation of ISIS, and freed many women from sexual slavery by using strong war tactics and activating political diplomacy and mobilization of popular forces. The efforts of the resistance forces under the leadership of General Soleimani in liberating the areas and freeing women and children from the, were so effective that many Western media announced: "Suleimani and the Iraqi militias he commands have played a key role in halting ISIS" and the US general Stanley McChrystal wrote:“Suleimani is arguably the most powerful and unconstrained actor in the Middle East today,”
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Martyr Soleimani
- International Crimes
- Security
- Women and Children
- Human Rights
- ISIS
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/05/making-of-a-martyr-how-qassem-suleimani-was-hunted-down
https://doi.org/20.1001.1.25381857.1399.13.48.5.4 (In Persian)
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/09/30/the-shadow-commander
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/04/world/middleeast/conflict-with-iran-threatens-fight-against-isis.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/14/opinion/iran-isis-iraq.html
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/14/suleimani-high-profile-to-publicise-irans-key-anti-isis-role
https://doi.org/20.1001.1.25381857.1399.13.49.3.4 (In Persian)
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