نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• حسین دانش مهر ¹
• امیر خداکرم محمد علی الزندی ²
• کورده احمد محمود ³

¹ دانشیار جامعه شناسی دانشگاه کردستان

² استاد جامعه شناسی دانشگاه سلیمانیه

³ کارشناسی ارشد جامعه شناسی دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به دنبال روایت فعالین زن از نقش و جایگاه زنان در تغییر ساختار اجتماعی اقلیم کردستان است. این مقاله با تشریح تغییرات ساختاری در بافت اجتماعی سیاسی اقلیم کردستان، عوامل موثر بر نقش و جایگاه زنان در این تغییرات را واکاوی می‌کند. این پژوهش در سنت روش کیفی قرار داشته و از تحلیل روایت و ذیل آن، مصاحبه‌ی روایی استفاده شده است. بدین منظور راهبرد مصاحبه‌ی «نیمه ساختاریافته» و نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و همگن برای مصاحبه با هجده نفر از فعالین در انجمن‌ها اتخاذ گردیده است. داده‌ها در قالب ١١ مضمون اولیه و ٥ مضمون ثانویه مورد تفسیر و تحلیل واقع شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تغییرات ساختار اجتماعی بعد از سال ١٩٩١میلادی، یعنی زمان استقلال اقلیم کردستان به وقوع پیوسته که در نتیجه آن، نقش و جایگاه زنان نیز دستخوش تغییر شده است. از آن زمان تااکنون احزاب سیاسی، به خواسته‌ها و انجمن-های زنانه شکل داده در چهارچوب اهداف حزبی به مسائل زنان نگریسته‌اند. با وجود سیطره احزاب و توامان با آن سیطره فرهنگ پدرسالارانه، زنان با مشارکت و تصاحب پست‌های مدیریتی و سیاسی توانسته‌اند جایگاه خود را در این ساختار بدست آورده و در این میان نقش آموزش و رسانه‌ها و همچنین انجمن‌ها مهم و تاثیر گذار بوده است. در نهایت این عوامل سبب پررنگ‌شدن نقش و جایگاه زنان، کاهش آسیب‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی و نقش‌آفرینی آنها در انجمن‌ها، پست‌های مدیریتی و سیاسی گردد که ادامه تغییرات ساختاری را برای آنها ممکن کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• "؛ اقلیم کردستان"؛ ساختار اجتماعی"؛ نابرابری جنسیتی"؛ مشارکت سیاسی"؛
• "؛ تحلیل روایت"

موضوعات

• جامعه شناسی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Women and social structure change; Analyzing the narrative of active women activists in the Kurdistan region of Iraq

نویسندگان [English]

• hossein daneshmehr ¹
• ameer khodakaram alzandi ²
• kurda ahmad mahmood ³

¹ Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Kurdistan

² Professor of Sociology at Sulaymaniyah University

³ Master of Sociology University of Kurdistan

چکیده [English]

The current research is following the narrative of women activists about the role and position of women in changing the social structure of the Kurdistan region. By describing the structural changes in the social and political context of the Kurdistan region, this article analyzes the factors affecting the role and position of women in these changes. Therefore, by using the theories of socialist feminists, especially the theory of mutual reinforcement of capitalism and patriarchy from Hartman and Eisenstein, as well as Sharabi's theories, and his concept of new masculinity, to explain the state of structural changes in the Kurdistan region and the role and position of women. These changes are discussed. This research is in the tradition of qualitative method and narrative analysis and below it, narrative interview have been used. For this purpose, the "semi-structured" interview strategy and targeted and homogeneous sampling have been adopted to interview eighteen people active in the associations. The data were interpreted and analyzed in the form of 11 primary themes and 5 secondary themes. The results showed that changes in the social structure took place after 1991 AD, that is, the time of independence of the Kurdistan region, and as a result, the role and status of women has also changed. From that time until now, political parties have looked at women's issues in the framework of party goals, following women's demands and associations. Despite the dominance of parties and the dominance of patriarchal culture, women have been able to gain their place in this structure by participating and occupying managerial and political positions, and in this, the role of education and media as well as associations are important. And it has been effective. Finally, these factors will enhance the role and status of women, reduce social and cultural harms, and create their role in associations, management and political positions, which has made it possible for them to continue structural changes.

The current research is following the narrative of women activists about the role and position of women in changing the social structure of the Kurdistan region. By describing the structural changes in the social and political context of the Kurdistan region, this article analyzes the factors affecting the role and position of women in these changes. Therefore, by using the theories of socialist feminists, especially the theory of mutual reinforcement of capitalism and patriarchy from Hartman and Eisenstein, as well as Sharabi's theories, and his concept of new masculinity, to explain the state of structural changes in the Kurdistan region and the role and position of women. These changes are discussed. This research is in the tradition of qualitative method and narrative analysis and below it, narrative interview have been used. For this purpose, the "semi-structured" interview strategy and targeted and homogeneous sampling have been adopted to interview eighteen people active in the associations. The data were interpreted and analyzed in the form of 11 primary themes and 5 secondary themes. The results showed that changes in the social structure took place after 1991 AD, that is, the time of independence of the Kurdistan region, and as a result, the role and status of women has also changed. From that time until now, political parties have looked at women's issues in the framework of party goals, following women's demands and associations. Despite the dominance of parties and the dominance of patriarchal culture, women have been able to gain their place in this structure by participating and occupying managerial and political positions, and in this, the role of education and media as well as associations are important. And it has been effective. Finally, these factors will enhance the role and status of women, reduce social and cultural harms, and create their role in associations, management and political positions, which has made it possible for them to continue structural changes.

The current research is following the narrative of women activists about the role and position of women in changing the social structure of the Kurdistan region. , to explain the state of structural changes in the Kurdistan region and the role and position of women. These changes are discussed. This research is in the tradition of qualitative method and narrative analysis and below it, narrative interview have been used. For this purpose, the "semi-structured" interview strategy and targeted and homogeneous sampling have been adopted to interview eighteen people active in the associations. The data were interpreted and analyzed in the form of 11 primary themes and 5 secondary themes. The results showed that changes in the social structure took place after 1991 AD, that is, the time of independence of the Kurdistan region, and as a result, the role and status of women has also changed. From that time until now, political parties have looked at women's issues in the framework of party goals, following women's demands and associations. Despite the dominance of parties and the dominance of patriarchal culture, women have been able to gain their place in this structure by participating and occupying managerial and political positions, and in this, the role of education and media as well as associations are important. And it has been effective. Finally, these factors will enhance the role and status of women, reduce social and cultural harms, and create their role in associations, management and political positions, which has made it possible for them to continue structural changes.

The current research is following the narrative of women activists about the role and position of women in changing the social structure of the Kurdistan region. By describing the structural changes in the social and political context of the Kurdistan region, this article analyzes the factors affecting the role and position of women in these changes. Therefore, by using the theories of socialist feminists, especially the theory of mutual reinforcement of capitalism and patriarchy from Hartman and Eisenstein, as well as Sharabi's theories, and his concept of new masculinity, to explain the state of structural changes in the Kurdistan region and the role and position of women. These changes are discussed. This research is in the tradition of qualitative method and narrative analysis and below it, narrative interview have been used. For this purpose, the "semi-structured" interview strategy and targeted and homogeneous sampling have been adopted to interview eighteen people active in the associations. The data were interpreted and analyzed in the form of 11 primary themes and 5 secondary themes. The results showed that changes in the social structure took place after 1991 AD, that is, the time of independence of the Kurdistan region, and as a result, the role and status of women has also changed. From that time until now, political parties have looked at women's issues in the framework of party goals, following women's demands and associations. Despite the dominance of parties and the dominance of patriarchal culture, women have been able to gain their place in this structure by participating and occupying managerial and political positions, and in this, the role of education and media as well as associations are important. And it has been effective. .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• "؛ Kurdistan Region"؛ Social Structure"؛ Gender Inequality"؛ Political Participation"؛
• "؛ Narrative Analysis"