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زنان و تغییر ساختار اجتماعی؛ تحلیل روایت کنشگران زن فعال در اقلیم کردستان عراق

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استاد تمام ، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سلیمانیه، سلیمانیه، عراق

3 کارشناس ارشد جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به دنبال روایت فعالان زن از نقش و جایگاه زنان در تغییر ساختار اجتماعی اقلیم کردستان است. با استفاده از نظریات فمینیست‌های سوسیالیست و شرابی به تشریح وضعیت تغییرات ساختاری در اقلیم کردستان و نقش و جایگاه زنان در این تغییرات پرداخته شده است. این پژوهش در سنت روش کیفی قرار دارد و در آن از تحلیل روایت استفاده شده است. بدین‌منظور راهبرد مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته و نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و همگن است. مصاحبه با هجده نفر از فعالان در انجمن‌ها صورت گرفت. داده‌ها در قالب ۱۲ مضمون اولیه و ۶ مضمون ثانویه تفسیر و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد تغییرات ساختار اجتماعی بعد از سال ۱۹۹۱، یعنی زمان تشکیل اقلیم کردستان به‌وقوع پیوسته که درنتیجۀ آن، نقش و جایگاه زنان نیز دستخوش تغییر شده است. از آن زمان تاکنون، احزاب سیاسی به خواسته‌ها و انجمن‌های زنانه شکل داده‌اند و در چارچوب اهداف حزبی به مسائل زنان نگریسته‌اند. با وجود این، زنان با مشارکت و تصاحب پست‌های مدیریتی و سیاسی توانسته‌اند جایگاه خود را در این ساختار به‌دست آورند. در این میان نقش آموزش، رسانه‌ها و انجمن‌ها مهم و تأثیرگذار بوده است. انجمن‌های زنان به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین تغییردهندگان ساختار و خود زنان فعال به‌عنوان عامل تغییر، اقدام به تصویب قوانین عادلانه، ریشه‌کنی الگوهای کهن اجتماعی فرهنگی و گسترش آگاهی، حمایت و بازنمایی مشکلات و چالش‌های زنان کرده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Women and Social Structure Change; Analyzing the Narrative of Active Women Activists in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Daneshmehr 1
  • Ameer Khodakaram alzandi 2
  • Kurda Ahmad mahmood 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

2 Full Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.

3 MA Sociology, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The current research is based on the narrative of female activists regarding the role and status of women in the transformation of the social structure of the Kurdistan region. The function and position of women in the Kurdistan Region's structural changes have been elucidated through the application of Sharabi and socialist feminist theories. Narrative analysis is implemented in this investigation, which adheres to the qualitative methodology. To achieve this objective, the semi-structured interview strategy and targeted and homogeneous sampling were implemented to interview eighteen individuals who are involved in the associations. The data were interpreted and analyzed in the form of 12 primary themes and 6 secondary themes. The results showed that the social structure underwent alteration subsequent to the establishment of the Kurdistan Region in 1991 AD, which consequently altered the role and status of women accordingly. From that time until now, political parties have influenced the demands and associations of women, and they have examined women’s issues within the context of party goals. Nevertheless, women have been able to secure their position within this structure by actively participating and occupying managerial and political positions. The influence of education, media, and associations has been significant. Women's associations, as one of the most significant structural changers and active women themselves as agents of change, have passed equitable laws, eradicated old social and cultural patterns, and raised awareness, support, and representation of women's problems and challenges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Women's Associations
  • Kurdistan Region
  • Social Structure
  • New Masculinity
  • Female Agency
  • Narrative Analysis
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زن در توسعه و سیاست
دوره 22، شماره 4
دی 1403
صفحه 1043-1068
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